Adenosine receptor antagonists are compounds designed to block the action of adenosine, a molecule known for its calming influence on the body. By inhibiting adenosine's effects, these antagonists can stimulate alertness and increase heart rate. Clinically, they're used to treat conditions like supraventricular tachycardia and certain respiratory disorders. Disrupting the tranquility of adenosine may seem counterintuitive, but it serves as a therapeutic tool when specific medical conditions require an uptick in physiological activity.