3-Aminopropyltriethoxysilane
[CAS# 919-30-2]

Identification

• Classification: Chemical reagent >> Silane reagent
• Name: 3-Aminopropyltriethoxysilane
• Synonyms: 3-Triethoxysilylpropylamine; AMEO
• Molecular Formula: C₉H₂₃NO₃Si
• Molecular Weight: 221.37
• CAS Registry Number: 919-30-2
• EC Number: 213-048-4
• SMILES: CCO[Si](CCCN)(OCC)OCC

Properties

• Density: 0.942
• Melting point: -70 ºC
• Boiling point: 217 ºC
• Refractive index: 1.42-1.422
• Flash point: 96 ºC
• Water solubility: REACTS

Safety Data

• Hazard Symbols: GHS05;GHS07 Danger
• Hazard Statements: H302-H314
• Precautionary Statements: P260-P261-P264-P264+P265-P270-P272-P280-P301+P317-P301+P330+P331-P302+P352-P302+P361+P354-P304+P340-P305+P354+P338-P316-P317-P321-P330-P333+P317-P362+P364-P363-P405-P501

Hazard Classification

Hazard	Class	Category Code	Hazard Statement
Acute toxicity	Acute Tox.	4	H302
Skin corrosion	Skin Corr.	1B	H314
Serious eye damage	Eye Dam.	1	H318
Skin sensitization	Skin Sens.	1	H317
Skin sensitization	Skin Sens.	1B	H317
Aspiration hazard	Asp. Tox.	1	H304
Flammable liquids	Flam. Liq.	3	H226
Skin irritation	Skin Irrit.	2	H315
Skin corrosion	Skin Corr.	1A	H314
Specific target organ toxicity - single exposure	STOT SE	2	H371
Eye irritation	Eye Irrit.	2	H319
Acute toxicity	Acute Tox.	1	H302
Skin sensitization	Skin Sens.	1A	H317
Acute toxicity	Acute Tox.	1	H312
Skin corrosion	Skin Corr.	1A	H315
Eye irritation	Eye Irrit.	2	H320
Acute toxicity	Acute Tox.	1	H332

• Transport Information: UN 3267

Discovory and Applicatios

3-Aminopropyltriethoxysilane is an organosilane compound that plays a significant role in various industrial applications, particularly in the fields of surface modification, adhesion promotion, and as a coupling agent. This compound is characterized by the presence of an amine group and three ethoxy groups attached to a silicon atom. The discovery and utilization of 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane have evolved in the context of advancements in materials science and organic chemistry.

The synthesis of 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane involves the reaction of 3-aminopropylamine with triethoxysilane. This method typically includes the hydrolysis of the ethoxy groups, followed by condensation to form siloxane bonds. The development of this compound can be traced back to the mid-20th century when researchers began to explore the unique properties of silane compounds for enhancing the performance of materials. The ability of 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane to bond organic materials to inorganic substrates led to its increasing popularity in various applications.

One of the primary applications of 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane is in the field of adhesion promotion. It acts as a coupling agent that enhances the adhesion between organic polymers and inorganic materials, such as glass, metals, and ceramics. This property is particularly beneficial in the production of composites and coatings, where improved adhesion can significantly enhance the mechanical properties and durability of the final product. The compound is often used in the formulation of adhesives, sealants, and coatings in automotive, construction, and electronics industries.

In addition to its role as a coupling agent, 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane is utilized in surface modification processes. It can be applied to enhance the hydrophobicity or hydrophilicity of surfaces, depending on the desired application. For instance, when used in the treatment of glass surfaces, it creates a hydrophobic layer that can repel water and reduce the potential for staining or fouling. Conversely, it can also increase the wettability of surfaces, which is advantageous in applications requiring improved adhesion or coating.

The compound has gained traction in the field of biotechnology and biomedical engineering as well. Its amine functionality enables it to form stable covalent bonds with biomolecules, making it suitable for applications in biosensors, drug delivery systems, and tissue engineering scaffolds. Researchers have explored its use in functionalizing surfaces to promote cell adhesion and growth, enhancing the effectiveness of biomedical devices and implants.

Despite its numerous applications, safety and environmental considerations are essential when handling 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane. It is classified as an irritant and poses health risks, including respiratory irritation and skin sensitization. Regulatory agencies have established guidelines for the safe handling and use of this compound, emphasizing the importance of personal protective equipment and proper ventilation during its application.

Research into 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane continues to evolve, with ongoing studies focusing on its potential for novel applications and improved synthesis methods. The principles of green chemistry are increasingly being applied to develop more sustainable approaches to its production and utilization, aiming to reduce environmental impact while enhancing performance.

In summary, 3-Aminopropyltriethoxysilane is a versatile organosilane compound with significant applications in adhesion promotion, surface modification, and biotechnology. Its discovery and development reflect the advancements in materials science and organic chemistry, and ongoing research may uncover new applications and safer methodologies, further expanding its utility across various industries.

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