Arsenazo III
[CAS# 1668-00-4]

Identification

• Classification: Biochemical >> Biochemical reagent >> Acid-base indicator
• Name: Arsenazo III
• Synonyms: 2,7-Bis(2-arsonophenylazo)-1,8-dihydroxy-3,6-naphthalenedisulfonic acid; NSC 91528
• Molecular Formula: C₂₂H₁₈As₂N₄O₁₄S₂
• Molecular Weight: 776.37
• CAS Registry Number: 1668-00-4
• EC Number: 216-788-6
• SMILES: C1=CC=C(C(=C1)N=NC2=C(C3=C(C(=C(C=C3C=C2S(=O)(=O)O)S(=O)(=O)O)N=NC4=CC=CC=C4[As](=O)(O)O)O)O)[As](=O)(O)O

Properties

• Solubility: Practically insoluble (0.036 g/L) (25 °C), Calc.^*

^* Calculated using Advanced Chemistry Development (ACD/Labs) Software V11.02 (©1994-2014 ACD/Labs)

Safety Data

• Hazard Symbols: GHS08;GHS09 Danger
• Risk Statements: H301-H331-H400-H410
• Safety Statements: P261-P264-P270-P271-P273-P301+P316-P304+P340-P316-P321-P330-P391-P403+P233-P405-P501

Hazard Classification

Hazard	Class	Category Code	Hazard Statement
Acute toxicity	Acute Tox.	3	H331
Chronic hazardous to the aquatic environment	Aquatic Chronic	1	H410
Acute toxicity	Acute Tox.	3	H301
Acute hazardous to the aquatic environment	Aquatic Acute	1	H400

• Transport Information: UN 3465 6.1 / PGII

Discovery and Applications

Arsenazo III is a metallochromic dye widely used as a complexometric indicator for the determination of various metal ions. Its molecular structure contains an aromatic sulfonic acid framework with azo groups that enable it to form highly stable complexes with metal ions, making it a valuable tool in analytical chemistry and biochemical studies.

The discovery of Arsenazo III can be traced back to research on azo dyes and their utility in metal detection and quantification. Synthesized by coupling diazonium compounds with sulfonic acid derivatives, this dye is particularly notable for its high sensitivity to actinides and lanthanides, especially uranium and thorium. The synthesis process has been refined to produce a pure and stable compound suitable for precision analyses.

One of the primary applications of Arsenazo III is in spectrophotometric analysis. Its vivid color change upon binding with metal ions allows for accurate detection and quantification in solutions. This property has made it indispensable in nuclear chemistry, where it is used for the determination of actinide concentrations. The dye's selectivity and high molar absorptivity contribute to its effectiveness in trace-level detection.

In biochemistry, Arsenazo III is employed in calcium-binding studies. Its ability to form complexes with calcium ions provides insights into the kinetics of calcium transport and regulation in biological systems. This application has proven crucial in studying enzymatic processes and cellular signaling pathways.

Additionally, Arsenazo III has found applications in water quality monitoring and environmental analysis. Its capacity to detect heavy metals in aqueous systems aids in assessing contamination levels and ensuring compliance with environmental regulations.

The versatility and reliability of Arsenazo III continue to drive research into its broader applications. Its role in advanced materials science, particularly in the development of sensors and diagnostic tools, highlights its enduring importance in scientific and industrial domains.

References

2024. Research on the mechanism of uranium pollution caused by SUP gene transformation of Deinococcus Radiodurans. Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry.
DOI: 10.1007/s10967-024-09905-9

2024. Quantitative determination of Na-luminolate by chemiluminescence method in pharmaceutical preparations. Chemical Papers.
DOI: 10.1007/s11696-024-03826-3

2024. Yttrium-90 recovery from carbonate media with binary extractants based on hydroxyaromatic compounds and methyltrioctylammonium carbonate. Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry.
DOI: 10.1007/s10967-024-09910-y