Nepetalactone
[CAS# 21651-62-7]

Identification

• Classification: Flavors and spices >> Synthetic spice >> Lactone and oxygen-containing heterocyclic compound
• Name: Nepetalactone
• Synonyms: (4aS,7S,7aR)-4,7-dimethyl-5,6,7,7a-tetrahydro-4aH-cyclopenta[c]pyran-1-one
• Molecular Formula: C₁₀H₁₄O₂
• Molecular Weight: 166.22
• CAS Registry Number: 21651-62-7
• SMILES: C[C@H]1CC[C@H]2[C@@H]1C(=O)OC=C2C

Safety Data

• Hazard Symbols: GHS09 Warning
• Risk Statements: H302-H315-H319-H335
• Safety Statements: P280-P305+P351+P338

Discovery and Applications

Nepetalactone is a natural organic compound discovered in the early 20th century and is best known for its distinctive effects on felines. It is a key component found in the essential oil of catnip (*Nepeta cataria*), a plant in the mint family. Nepetalactone's unique properties have made it a subject of interest in various scientific and commercial fields.

The most notable application of nepatalactone is its use in products designed for cats. When cats encounter nepatalactone, it can induce a temporary state of euphoria or heightened excitement. This reaction is due to the compound's ability to interact with receptors in the feline brain, affecting their behavior. Consequently, nepatalactone is widely used in cat toys, scratching posts, and other pet products to provide stimulation and enrichment. The compound's effects are harmless and typically last for a few minutes, after which the cat's sensitivity to the compound temporarily diminishes.

In addition to its use in pet products, nepatalactone has applications in the fragrance industry. Its pleasant, minty aroma makes it an attractive ingredient in certain perfumes and scented products. The compound's inclusion in these products can enhance their aromatic profile, contributing to the overall sensory experience.

Nepetalactone is also of interest in scientific research, particularly in studies related to its biological effects and potential applications. Research into the compound's impact on cat behavior has provided insights into pheromone-like interactions and sensory responses. Additionally, studies are exploring its potential use in repelling insects and as a natural alternative to synthetic insecticides.

Despite its beneficial uses, the application of nepatalactone should be approached with consideration of its effects on animal behavior and health. Responsible use in pet products ensures that it provides positive experiences without adverse effects.

References

1967. Nepetalactone and epinepetalactone from Nepeta cataria L. Phytochemistry, 6(12).
DOI: 10.1016/s0031-9422(00)86089-6

2024. Stability study of Nepeta cataria iridoids analyzed by LC/MS. Phytochemical Analysis, 35(6).
DOI: 10.1002/pca.3410

2024. Discovery and properties of novel analogues of the aphid pheromones nepetalactone and nepetalactol. Pest Management Science, 80(6).
DOI: 10.1002/ps.7984