Citicoline sodium
[CAS# 33818-15-4]

Identification

• Classification: Biochemical >> Nucleic acid drug
• Name: Citicoline sodium
• Synonyms: Cytidine 5'-(trihydrogen diphosphate) P'-[2-(trimethylammonio)ethyl] ester inner salt monosodium salt
• Molecular Formula: C₁₄H₂₅N₄NaO₁₁P₂
• Molecular Weight: 510.31
• CAS Registry Number: 33818-15-4
• EC Number: 251-689-1
• SMILES: C[N+](C)(C)CCOP(=O)([O-])OP(=O)([O-])OC[C@@H]1[C@H]([C@H]([C@@H](O1)N2C=CC(=NC2=O)N)O)O.[Na+]

Safety Data

• Hazard Symbols: GHS07 Warning
• Risk Statements: H302
• Safety Statements: P264-P270-P301+P317-P330-P501

Hazard Classification

Hazard	Class	Category Code	Hazard Statement
Acute toxicity	Acute Tox.	4	H302

Discovery and Applications

Citicoline sodium, a compound derived from choline, was first synthesized in Japan in the 1950s. It gained recognition for its neuroprotective properties and role in enhancing cognitive function. Citicoline sodium is a precursor to phospholipid synthesis in cell membranes, particularly phosphatidylcholine, which is essential for maintaining membrane integrity and function in brain cells. Its discovery marked a significant milestone in neuroscience, shedding light on the potential of choline-based compounds in promoting brain health and function.

Citicoline sodium has gained attention for its cognitive-enhancing effects. It is used as a dietary supplement to support memory, focus, and overall cognitive function. By increasing acetylcholine levels in the brain, citicoline sodium enhances neurotransmission and promotes neuronal plasticity, leading to improved learning and memory.

Studies have shown that citicoline sodium exhibits neuroprotective properties, making it a potential therapeutic agent for various neurological disorders. It helps protect brain cells from oxidative stress, inflammation, and other damaging factors, thereby reducing the risk of neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's and Parkinson's.

Citicoline sodium has been investigated for its role in stroke recovery. Research suggests that it may improve neurological outcomes and functional recovery in stroke patients by promoting neuronal repair and regeneration. It enhances blood flow to the brain, reduces neuronal damage, and supports the recovery of motor and cognitive functions post-stroke.

Citicoline sodium has also shown promise in promoting eye health. It plays a crucial role in the synthesis of phosphatidylcholine, a major component of cell membranes in the retina. By supporting retinal cell membrane integrity and function, citicoline sodium may help protect against age-related macular degeneration and other eye conditions.

Athletes and fitness enthusiasts use citicoline sodium as a nutritional supplement to enhance focus, concentration, and mental clarity during training and competitions. Its ability to support optimal brain function and neurotransmitter activity may contribute to improved athletic performance and cognitive resilience under pressure.

In clinical medicine, citicoline sodium is utilized as a therapeutic agent for conditions such as traumatic brain injury, vascular dementia, and cognitive impairment associated with aging. Its neuroprotective and cognitive-enhancing properties make it a valuable adjunct in the management of various neurological and cognitive disorders.

References

2004. Citicoline. Pharmaceutical Substances.
URL: https://pharmaceutical-substances.thieme.com/ps/search-results?docUri=KD-03-0122