3,3,3-Trifluoropropyltrimethoxysilane
[CAS# 429-60-7]

Identification

• Classification: Organic raw materials >> Organic fluorine compound >> Fluoropropane series
• Name: 3,3,3-Trifluoropropyltrimethoxysilane
• Synonyms: Trimethoxy(3,3,3-trifluoropropyl)silane
• Molecular Formula: C₆H₁₃F₃O₃Si
• Molecular Weight: 218.25
• CAS Registry Number: 429-60-7
• EC Number: 207-059-3
• SMILES: CO[Si](CCC(F)(F)F)(OC)OC

Properties

• Density: 1.1±0.1 g/cm³, Calc.^*, 1.142 g/mL (Expl.)
• Index of Refraction: 1.364, Calc.^*, 1.355 (Expl.)
• Boiling Point: 124.4±40.0 °C (760 mmHg), Calc.^*, 144 °C (Expl.)
• Flash Point: 29.0±27.3 °C, Calc.^*, 38 °C (Expl.)

^* Calculated using Advanced Chemistry Development (ACD/Labs) Software.

Safety Data

• Hazard Symbols: GHS02;GHS07 Warning
• Risk Statements: H226-H315-H319-H335
• Safety Statements: P210-P233-P240-P241-P242-P243-P261-P264-P264+P265-P271-P280-P302+P352-P303+P361+P353-P304+P340-P305+P351+P338-P319-P321-P332+P317-P337+P317-P362+P364-P370+P378-P403+P233-P403+P235-P405-P501

Hazard Classification

Hazard	Class	Category Code	Hazard Statement
Flammable liquids	Flam. Liq.	3	H226
Eye irritation	Eye Irrit.	2	H319
Skin irritation	Skin Irrit.	2	H315
Specific target organ toxicity - single exposure	STOT SE	3	H335

• Transport Information: UN 1993

Discovery and Applications

3,3,3-Trifluoropropyltrimethoxysilane (C₆H₁₃F₃O₃Si) is an organofluorosilane compound that contains both a trifluoropropyl group and a trimethoxysilane group. This chemical is typically a colorless liquid and is highly valued for its unique chemical properties, which are derived from the presence of the trifluoromethyl group. The trifluoromethyl group imparts distinct physical and chemical characteristics, including increased hydrophobicity, thermal stability, and chemical resistance, which make it a useful compound in various industrial applications.

The synthesis of 3,3,3-trifluoropropyltrimethoxysilane typically involves the reaction of 3,3,3-trifluoropropylchlorosilane with methanol in the presence of a base. The reaction proceeds with the substitution of the chlorine atom by methoxy groups, resulting in the formation of the silane compound. This process allows for the incorporation of the trifluoropropyl group, which imparts the compound with its unique characteristics.

One of the primary applications of 3,3,3-trifluoropropyltrimethoxysilane is in the modification of surfaces, particularly in the coatings and adhesives industries. The compound is often used as a coupling agent to improve the adhesion of materials such as glass, metal, and ceramics to organic polymers. The trifluoropropyl group provides increased hydrophobicity and chemical resistance to the surfaces, while the trimethoxysilane group forms strong bonds with inorganic surfaces, making it ideal for use in coatings that require durability and resistance to harsh environmental conditions.

In the field of electronics, 3,3,3-trifluoropropyltrimethoxysilane is used in the development of advanced materials for electronic devices. It is utilized in the creation of dielectric coatings and insulating materials, where its ability to form strong bonds with substrates and its resistance to moisture and chemical degradation are particularly valuable. The compound is also used in the fabrication of semiconductor devices, where it acts as a surface modifier to enhance the performance and reliability of the components.

In addition to its use in coatings and electronics, 3,3,3-trifluoropropyltrimethoxysilane is employed in the formulation of specialty adhesives, sealants, and lubricants. Its unique chemical structure allows it to impart superior water and oil repellency, as well as resistance to high temperatures and aggressive chemicals. These properties make it a useful additive in formulations for automotive, aerospace, and construction applications, where materials are often exposed to extreme conditions.

3,3,3-Trifluoropropyltrimethoxysilane is also used in the field of analytical chemistry, particularly in the preparation of functionalized silica-based materials. The compound is incorporated into silica gel or silica-based supports to modify the surface properties, making them more suitable for specific chemical reactions or for use as stationary phases in chromatography. This application takes advantage of the unique interactions between the trifluoropropyl group and various compounds, providing selectivity and improving separation efficiency.

Due to the presence of fluorine atoms in its structure, 3,3,3-trifluoropropyltrimethoxysilane is a highly stable compound, which makes it resistant to many chemical reactions and degradation processes. This stability is one of the reasons why it is used in applications where long-term performance and durability are required. Additionally, the fluorine atoms provide the compound with increased thermal stability, allowing it to withstand high-temperature environments without losing its properties.

As with many organofluorosilane compounds, proper handling and safety precautions are necessary when working with 3,3,3-trifluoropropyltrimethoxysilane. It is important to follow safety guidelines to avoid inhalation or skin contact with the chemical, as it may cause irritation or other adverse effects. Furthermore, its potential environmental impact requires careful disposal practices to minimize contamination.

In conclusion, 3,3,3-trifluoropropyltrimethoxysilane is a valuable compound with a wide range of applications in surface modification, electronics, coatings, adhesives, and analytical chemistry. Its unique combination of chemical stability, hydrophobicity, and adhesion-promoting properties makes it an important tool in various industrial sectors, particularly in environments where durability and resistance to harsh conditions are critical.

References

2023. Silicone composite coating for composite quartz ceramics with excellent water and moisture resistance. Journal of Materials Research, 39(5).
DOI: 10.1557/s43578-023-01222-3

2023. Protective coatings for ceramic artefacts exposed to UV ageing. npj Materials Degradation, 7(1).
DOI: 10.1038/s41529-023-00343-8

2022. In situ construction of a favorable cathode electrolyte interphase through a fluorosilane additive for high-performance Li-rich cathode materials. Rare Metals, 41(12).
DOI: 10.1007/s12598-022-02066-2