Isomalt
[CAS# 64519-82-0]

Identification

• Classification: Pharmaceutical intermediate >> Heterocyclic compound intermediate
• Name: Isomalt
• Synonyms: Isomaltitol; Palatinitol; 6-O-a-D-Glucopyranosyl-D-glucitol
• Molecular Formula: C₁₂H₂₄O₁₁
• Molecular Weight: 344.32
• CAS Registry Number: 64519-82-0
• EC Number: 613-617-0
• SMILES: C([C@@H]1[C@H]([C@@H]([C@H]([C@H](O1)OC[C@H]([C@H]([C@@H](C(CO)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O

Properties

• Solubility: 1e+006 mg/L (25 °C water)
• Density: 1.7±0.1 g/cm³, Calc.^*
• Index of Refraction: 1.634, Calc.^*
• Melting point: 257.88 °C
• Boiling Point: 788.5±60.0 °C (760 mmHg), Calc.^*, 596.94 °C
• Flash Point: 430.7±32.9 °C, Calc.^*

^* Calculated using Advanced Chemistry Development (ACD/Labs) Software.

Safety Data

• Hazard Symbols: GHS07 Warning
• Risk Statements: H302-H315-H319-H335
• Safety Statements: P261-P305+P351+P338

Discovery and Applications

Isomalt was developed in the 1960s as a derivative of sucrose through enzymatic conversion. It belongs to the family of sugar alcohols and is a disaccharide composed of glucose and mannitol. Isomalt is known for its crystalline structure and mild sweetness, which is about half the sweetness of sucrose.

The main application of isomalt is in the food industry, where it is a low-calorie sweetener and filler. It is widely used in sugar-free candies, chocolates and chewing gums due to its resistance to moisture and heat. Isomalt is popular among consumers seeking healthier alternatives because of its ability to mimic the texture and taste of sugar without causing tooth decay.

In baking, isomalt helps produce sugar-free pastries and decorations, providing stability and reducing the risk of caramelization during heating. Its versatility extends to frostings and glazes, enhancing aesthetics and shelf life without affecting taste.

Isomalt's low glycemic index and minimal impact on blood sugar levels make it suitable for diabetics and those on low-carb diets. In pharmaceutical formulations, it can be used as a carrier for active ingredients in tablets and tablets, providing a stable matrix for controlled-release formulations. Its non-cariogenic properties also support oral health, making it a preferred ingredient for sugar-free pharmaceuticals and dietary supplements.

In addition to food and pharmaceuticals, isomalt can be used in industrial processes such as cosmetics and personal care products. Its humectant properties help moisturize lotions, creams and dental care products, provide texture and stability, while maintaining minimal sweetness.

Isomalt is generally recognized as safe by regulatory agencies around the world when used within recommended limits. Its digestive tolerance varies from person to person, and it may have a mild laxative effect at high doses. Manufacturers adhere to strict quality control measures to ensure purity and consistency, addressing concerns related to allergens and product safety.

The production of isomalt is considered environmentally friendly compared to traditional sugars. Its manufacturing process produces fewer greenhouse gas emissions and consumes less water and energy, in line with sustainable operations for food production and processing.

Research continues to explore new applications and formulations for isomalt, including its potential in functional foods and dietary supplements targeting specific health benefits. Innovations in processing technologies are aimed at improving taste and expanding their use in mainstream foods, supporting consumer demand for healthier alternatives.

References

1979. Analytical characterization of palatinit. Zeitschrift fur Lebensmittel-Untersuchung und -Forschung, 168(2).
DOI: 10.1007/bf01127518

2023. Assessment of Tribo-charging and Continuous Feeding Performance of Direct Compression Grades of Isomalt and Mannitol Powders. AAPS PharmSciTech, 24(5).
DOI: 10.1208/s12249-023-02552-5

2017. Synthesis of Isomalto-Oligosaccharides by Pichia pastoris Displaying the Aspergillus niger α-Glucosidase. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 65(41).
DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.7b04140