Distillates petroleum hydrotreated heavy naphthenic
[CAS# 64742-52-5]

Identification

• Classification: Chemical reagent >> Organic reagent >> Alkane
• Name: Distillates petroleum hydrotreated heavy naphthenic
• CAS Registry Number: 64742-52-5
• EC Number: 265-155-0

Safety Data

• Hazard Symbols: GHS08 Danger
• Risk Statements: H350:
• Safety Statements: P203-P280-P318-P405-P501

Hazard Classification

Hazard	Class	Category Code	Hazard Statement
Carcinogenicity	Carc.	1B	H350
Aspiration hazard	Asp. Tox.	1	H304
Specific target organ toxicity - repeated exposure	STOT RE	1	H372
Reproductive toxicity	Repr.	2	H361
Chronic hazardous to the aquatic environment	Aquatic Chronic	2	H411
Serious eye damage	Eye Dam.	1	H318
Skin irritation	Skin Irrit.	2	H315
Acute toxicity	Acute Tox.	4	H332
Eye irritation	Eye Irrit.	2	H319
Chronic hazardous to the aquatic environment	Aquatic Chronic	4	H413

Discovery and Applications

Distillates petroleum hydrotreated heavy naphthenic are refined petroleum products obtained by hydrotreating heavy naphthenic distillate fractions derived from crude oil. These distillates belong to the group of mineral oil base stocks characterized by a high content of saturated cyclic hydrocarbons (naphthenes) and relatively low levels of aromatic compounds. The hydrotreatment process involves catalytic hydrogenation to remove impurities such as sulfur, nitrogen, and unsaturated hydrocarbons, resulting in improved stability, color, and odor of the product.

The production of heavy naphthenic hydrotreated distillates typically starts with the atmospheric or vacuum distillation of crude oil to separate the heavy naphthenic fraction. This fraction then undergoes catalytic hydrotreating under elevated temperatures and pressures in the presence of hydrogen and specific catalysts, such as cobalt-molybdenum or nickel-molybdenum sulfides. The process saturates olefins and aromatics, removes heteroatoms, and enhances the overall quality of the distillate.

These hydrotreated heavy naphthenic distillates exhibit several desirable properties, including excellent solvency, low volatility, good lubricity, and high thermal and oxidative stability. Their naphthenic structure confers good low-temperature fluidity and viscosity characteristics, making them suitable as base oils in the formulation of lubricants, metalworking fluids, and industrial oils. Additionally, the relatively high molecular weight and saturation contribute to resistance against thermal degradation and oxidation.

In lubricant formulations, heavy naphthenic hydrotreated distillates serve as base stocks for hydraulic fluids, gear oils, and compressor oils, particularly where low-temperature performance and seal compatibility are important. Their solvency properties also make them effective carriers for additives and corrosion inhibitors. Furthermore, they are employed in metalworking fluids, including cutting oils and rolling oils, due to their ability to provide lubrication, cooling, and cleaning during metal processing operations.

Beyond lubrication, these distillates find use as process oils in rubber compounding, adhesives, sealants, and coatings. Their compatibility with elastomers and polymers enhances processing and final product performance. In the rubber industry, heavy naphthenic oils act as plasticizers, improving flexibility and durability of tires and other rubber goods.

The environmental and safety profile of hydrotreated heavy naphthenic distillates is influenced by their refined nature and reduced levels of impurities. Hydrotreatment significantly lowers sulfur and aromatic content, which contributes to lower toxicity and reduced environmental impact compared to untreated petroleum fractions. However, due to their petroleum origin, appropriate handling and disposal practices are necessary to minimize ecological risks.

Ongoing development efforts in the petroleum industry focus on optimizing hydrotreating processes and catalytic systems to enhance product quality, reduce energy consumption, and meet increasingly stringent environmental regulations. Alternative base stocks derived from renewable sources are also under investigation to complement or replace traditional petroleum-based distillates.

In summary, distillates petroleum hydrotreated heavy naphthenic are important industrial base oils with versatile applications in lubrication, metalworking, and polymer processing. Their refined composition and favorable physical properties make them valuable components in various formulations requiring performance, stability, and compatibility.

References

1990. Acute Toxicity Data. Journal of the American College of Toxicology, Part B, 1.