L-Threonic acid magnesium salt
[CAS# 778571-57-6]

Identification

• Classification: Biochemical >> Carbohydrate >> Monosaccharide
• Name: L-Threonic acid magnesium salt
• Synonyms: Bis[(2R,3S)-2,3,4-trihydroxybutanoato-alphaO,alphaO']magnesium
• Molecular Formula: C₈H₁₄MgO₁₀
• Molecular Weight: 294.50
• CAS Registry Number: 778571-57-6
• EC Number: 875-660-3
• SMILES: C([C@@H]([C@H](C(=O)[O-])O)O)O.C([C@@H]([C@H](C(=O)[O-])O)O)O.[Mg+2]

Safety Data

• Hazard Symbols: GHS07 Warning
• Risk Statements: H317-H319
• Safety Statements: P261-P264+P265-P272-P280-P302+P352-P305+P351+P338-P321-P333+P317-P337+P317-P362+P364-P501

Hazard Classification

Hazard	Class	Category Code	Hazard Statement
Eye irritation	Eye Irrit.	2	H319
Skin sensitization	Skin Sens.	1	H317

Discovery and Applications

L-Threonic acid magnesium salt, commonly known as magnesium L-threonate, is a compound that has gained significant attention in recent years for its potential cognitive benefits and application in neurohealth. This compound is formed by combining magnesium with L-threonic acid, a metabolite of ascorbic acid (vitamin C).

Magnesium L-threonate was discovered by a team of researchers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) in the early 2000s. The researchers were investigating ways to improve magnesium delivery to the brain. Magnesium is an essential mineral involved in numerous physiological processes, including nerve function, muscle contraction, and bone health. However, many common forms of magnesium supplements have limited bioavailability in the brain. The innovative combination of magnesium with L-threonic acid was found to enhance magnesium’s ability to cross the blood-brain barrier effectively.

One of the most notable applications of magnesium L-threonate is its potential role in improving cognitive function. Studies have shown that increasing brain magnesium levels can enhance synaptic plasticity, which is crucial for learning and memory. In animal studies, magnesium L-threonate has been shown to improve short-term and long-term memory. These promising results have led to growing interest in its potential use for preventing and treating cognitive decline in humans, including conditions such as Alzheimer’s disease and age-related memory loss.

Magnesium L-threonate is also explored for its neuroprotective properties. By increasing brain magnesium levels, it may help protect neurons from damage and support overall brain health. This has implications for managing neurodegenerative diseases and promoting cognitive resilience in the aging population.

Beyond its cognitive benefits, magnesium L-threonate is used for general magnesium supplementation. It helps address magnesium deficiency, which can lead to various health issues such as muscle cramps, fatigue, and cardiovascular problems. The enhanced bioavailability of magnesium L-threonate makes it a preferred choice for individuals seeking effective magnesium supplementation.

The compound is typically available in capsule or powder form and is taken as a dietary supplement. Recommended dosages vary depending on individual needs and health goals, but it is generally considered safe when used appropriately. As with any supplement, it is important to consult with a healthcare provider before starting magnesium L-threonate, especially for those with underlying health conditions or those taking other medications.

References

2016. Regulation of structural and functional synapse density by L-threonate through modulation of intraneuronal magnesium concentration. Neuropharmacology, 108.
DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2016.05.006

2017. Oral Application of Magnesium-l-Threonate Attenuates Vincristine-induced Allodynia and Hyperalgesia by Normalization of Tumor Necrosis Factor-α/Nuclear Factor-κB Signaling. Anesthesiology, 126(6).
DOI: 10.1097/aln.0000000000001601

2020. Neuroprotective effects of magnesium l-threonate in a hypoxic zebrafish model. BMC Neuroscience, 21(1).
DOI: 10.1186/s12868-020-00580-6