1,2-Diaminopropane
[CAS# 78-90-0]

Identification

• Classification: Organic raw materials >> Amino compound >> Acyclic monoamines, polyamines and their derivatives and salts
• Name: 1,2-Diaminopropane
• Synonyms: 1,2-Propanediamine; Propylenediamine
• Molecular Formula: C₃H₁₀N₂
• Molecular Weight: 74.12
• CAS Registry Number: 78-90-0
• EC Number: 201-155-9
• SMILES: CC(CN)N

Properties

• Density: 0.9±0.1 g/cm³, Calc.^*, 0.864 g/mL (Expl.)
• Melting point: -37 °C (Expl.)
• Index of Refraction: 1.448, Calc.^*, 1.446 (Expl.)
• Boiling Point: 117.3±8.0 °C (760 mmHg), Calc.^*, 119-120 °C (decomp.) (Expl.)
• Flash Point: 33.3 °C, Calc.^*, 34 °C (decomp.) (Expl.)
• Water solubility: SOLUBLE

^* Calculated using Advanced Chemistry Development (ACD/Labs) Software.

Safety Data

• Hazard Symbols: GHS02;GHS05;GHS06;GHS07;GHS08 Danger
• Risk Statements: H226-H302-H311-H312-H314-H317-H318-H334
• Safety Statements: P210-P233-P240-P241-P242-P243-P260-P261-P262-P264-P264+P265-P270-P271-P272-P280-P284-P301+P317-P301+P330+P331-P302+P352-P302+P361+P354-P303+P361+P353-P304+P340-P305+P354+P338-P316-P317-P321-P330-P333+P317-P342+P316-P361+P364-P362+P364-P363-P370+P378-P403-P403+P235-P405-P501

Hazard Classification

Hazard	Class	Category Code	Hazard Statement
Skin corrosion	Skin Corr.	1A	H314
Acute toxicity	Acute Tox.	4	H302
Flammable liquids	Flam. Liq.	3	H226
Acute toxicity	Acute Tox.	3	H311
Acute toxicity	Acute Tox.	4	H312
Serious eye damage	Eye Dam.	1	H318
Skin sensitization	Skin Sens.	1	H317
Respiratory sensitization	Resp. Sens.	1	H334

• Transport Information: UN 2258

Discovery and Applications

1,2-Diaminopropane (also known as 1,2-propanediamine) is an organic compound with the molecular formula C3H10N2. It is a diamine, meaning it contains two amino groups (-NH2) attached to a propane backbone. The compound is a colorless liquid with a strong amine odor, and it is highly soluble in water and alcohol.

The discovery of 1,2-diaminopropane dates back to the early 20th century when amines were being investigated for their role in organic synthesis. It can be synthesized through various methods, with one of the most common approaches being the reduction of the corresponding nitrile. The synthesis typically involves the reaction of acrylonitrile with hydrogen in the presence of a catalyst, such as Raney nickel, under high-pressure conditions.

1,2-Diaminopropane is used in several applications, primarily in the production of other chemical compounds. One notable application is its use in the synthesis of polyamides and other polymeric materials. The compound serves as a precursor to various chemical intermediates, particularly in the manufacture of plasticizers and adhesives. It also finds use in the preparation of surfactants, as well as in the synthesis of pharmaceuticals and agrochemicals.

In addition to its industrial uses, 1,2-diaminopropane plays a role in the chemical industry as a ligand in coordination chemistry. It is used to form complexes with metal ions, which are valuable in catalysis and other chemical reactions. The compound's ability to coordinate with metals makes it a useful reagent in the development of new catalysts and in the study of coordination compounds.

1,2-Diaminopropane also has applications in the field of biochemistry, where it is used as a starting material in the synthesis of various biologically active molecules. Its structural similarity to naturally occurring amino acids and its ability to form stable complexes with metal ions make it an interesting compound for research into enzyme catalysis and other biochemical processes.

While 1,2-diaminopropane is a versatile compound with a range of industrial and research applications, it must be handled with care. Like other amines, it can be irritating to the skin, eyes, and respiratory system. Appropriate safety measures should be taken when working with the substance, including the use of protective clothing and proper ventilation.

In conclusion, 1,2-diaminopropane is an important chemical compound with diverse applications in industrial and research settings. It serves as a building block in the synthesis of a variety of chemicals, including polymers, pharmaceuticals, and surfactants. Its role in coordination chemistry further enhances its utility in developing new catalysts and chemical processes.

References

2023. Nitromethylidene-containing piperazinones and morpholinone: synthesis and structure. Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds, 59(4).
DOI: 10.1007/s10593-023-03200-3

2024. Fragility and glass transition of 1,2-propanediamine and 1,2-propanediol binary mixtures. Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry, 149(12).
DOI: 10.1007/s10973-024-13201-9

2024. Synthesis, growth and characterization of nonlinear optical crystal: propylenediamine picrate (PDP) single crystals. Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics, 35(25).
DOI: 10.1007/s10854-024-13438-y