Fluorescent Brightener ER-III
[CAS# 79026-03-2]

Identification

• Classification: Catalysts and additives >> Fluorescent whitening agent
• Name: Fluorescent Brightener ER-III
• Synonyms: 2-[2-[4-[2-(3-Cyanophenyl)ethenyl]phenyl]ethenyl]-benzonitrile
• Molecular Formula: C₂₄H₁₆N₂
• Molecular Weight: 332.40
• CAS Registry Number: 79026-03-2
• EC Number: 279-038-7
• SMILES: C1=CC=C(C(=C1)/C=C/C2=CC=C(C=C2)/C=C/C3=CC(=CC=C3)C#N)C#N

Properties

• Density: 1.2±0.1 g/cm³, Calc.^*, 1.187 g/mL
• Melting point: 214-216 °C
• Index of Refraction: 1.661, Calc.^*
• Boiling Point: 559.4±50.0 °C (760 mmHg), Calc.^*
• Flash Point: 266.0±24.0 °C, Calc.^*

^* Calculated using Advanced Chemistry Development (ACD/Labs) Software.

Discovery and Applications

Fluorescent Brightener ER-III, also known as Optical Brightening Agent (OBA) ER-III, is a synthetic compound widely used in various industries to enhance the brightness and whiteness of materials. This compound, chemically classified as a stilbene derivative, was first introduced in the mid-20th century as the demand for brighter and more visually appealing products increased in textiles, paper, and plastics.

The discovery of Fluorescent Brightener ER-III arose from the need for effective optical brighteners that could absorb ultraviolet light and emit it as visible blue light. This phenomenon, known as fluorescence, results in a whitening effect that enhances the appearance of fabrics and other materials. Fluorescent Brightener ER-III is characterized by its high absorption in the UV range and its ability to reflect light in the blue region of the spectrum, which makes materials treated with it appear brighter and more vibrant.

In the textile industry, Fluorescent Brightener ER-III is extensively used to treat fabrics, particularly those made from cotton and polyester. It is added during the dyeing and finishing processes to improve the visual appeal of garments by making them appear cleaner and whiter. Its effectiveness in enhancing brightness has made it a staple in the production of apparel, home textiles, and technical fabrics.

In addition to textiles, Fluorescent Brightener ER-III is also used in the paper industry. It is added to paper products to improve their brightness and whiteness, making them more appealing to consumers. This is particularly important for high-quality printing papers, where brightness can significantly affect the printed image's clarity and color vibrancy.

Moreover, Fluorescent Brightener ER-III finds applications in the plastics industry, where it is used to enhance the visual properties of plastic products. It is particularly effective in polyolefins and other synthetic polymers, contributing to the aesthetic appeal of items such as packaging materials, consumer goods, and household items.

The versatility of Fluorescent Brightener ER-III has led to its incorporation into various formulations, including laundry detergents and cleaning products. By adding this brightener, manufacturers can improve the perceived cleanliness of fabrics, enhancing consumer satisfaction.

Despite its widespread use, concerns regarding the environmental impact of fluorescent brighteners, including Fluorescent Brightener ER-III, have emerged. The persistence of these compounds in the environment and their potential effects on aquatic ecosystems have led to increased scrutiny and regulation. As a result, ongoing research aims to develop more environmentally friendly alternatives while maintaining the desirable properties that make Fluorescent Brightener ER-III popular in industrial applications.

In conclusion, Fluorescent Brightener ER-III is a key compound in the textile, paper, and plastics industries, valued for its ability to enhance brightness and whiteness. While its applications are significant, there is a growing need to address the environmental implications associated with its use, highlighting the importance of responsible manufacturing practices and the exploration of sustainable alternatives.

References

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