Creatine phosphate disodium salt
[CAS# 922-32-7]

Identification

• Classification: Biochemical >> Amino acids and their derivatives >> Amino alcohol derivative
• Name: Creatine phosphate disodium salt
• Synonyms: Phosphocreatine disodium salt
• Molecular Formula: C₄H₈N₃Na₂O₅P
• Molecular Weight: 255.08
• CAS Registry Number: 922-32-7
• EC Number: 213-074-6
• SMILES: CN(CC(=O)O)C(=NP(=O)([O-])[O-])N.[Na+].[Na+]

Properties

• Water solubility: soluble

Safety Data

• Hazard Symbols: GHS07 Warning
• Risk Statements: H302-H312-H315-H319-H332-H335
• Safety Statements: P261-P264-P264+P265-P270-P271-P280-P301+P317-P302+P352-P304+P340-P305+P351+P338-P317-P319-P321-P330-P332+P317-P337+P317-P362+P364-P403+P233-P405-P501

Hazard Classification

Hazard	Class	Category Code	Hazard Statement
Acute toxicity	Acute Tox.	4	H312
Acute toxicity	Acute Tox.	4	H302
Skin irritation	Skin Irrit.	2	H315
Acute toxicity	Acute Tox.	4	H332
Eye irritation	Eye Irrit.	2	H319
Specific target organ toxicity - single exposure	STOT SE	3	H335

Discovery and Applications

Creatine phosphate disodium salt is a synthetic derivative of creatine, a naturally occurring compound in the body, essential for energy storage and release in muscle and other tissues. The addition of a phosphate group enhances its role in cellular energy metabolism, acting as a reservoir for high-energy phosphate bonds. This compound gained scientific attention during the early 20th century, particularly through research exploring the biochemical mechanisms underlying muscle contraction and energy metabolism.

Creatine phosphate serves as a key molecule in the phosphagen system, a crucial energy pathway in cells requiring rapid energy bursts, such as skeletal and cardiac muscle. During periods of high energy demand, it donates its phosphate group to adenosine diphosphate (ADP) to rapidly regenerate adenosine triphosphate (ATP), the primary energy currency of cells. This process is catalyzed by the enzyme creatine kinase and enables sustained muscle activity during intense physical exertion.

The disodium salt form of creatine phosphate is highly soluble and bioavailable, making it suitable for pharmaceutical and biochemical applications. Its primary therapeutic use is in the treatment of conditions associated with impaired energy metabolism. For example, it has been employed as an adjunct therapy in ischemic heart disease, heart failure, and myocardial infarction, where it helps to preserve energy stores in cardiac tissue. It has also been investigated for neuroprotective effects in conditions such as stroke and neurodegenerative diseases, potentially mitigating damage by supporting cellular energy production during metabolic stress.

In sports medicine and nutritional science, creatine phosphate disodium salt is sometimes used as a dietary supplement to enhance physical performance, particularly in activities requiring short bursts of energy, such as weightlifting and sprinting. While creatine monohydrate is more commonly used for these purposes, the phosphate form may offer additional benefits for specific applications, including faster absorption and targeted energy replenishment.

In laboratory research, creatine phosphate disodium salt is used as a reagent in studies of metabolic pathways and energy dynamics. Its role in ATP synthesis makes it a valuable tool for exploring cellular bioenergetics and enzymatic activities related to energy metabolism.

The compound's role in diagnostics further underscores its importance. It is used in assays measuring creatine kinase activity, an important biomarker for muscle damage and heart attack diagnosis. By facilitating accurate enzyme activity measurement, it aids in clinical decision-making and monitoring.

Creatine phosphate disodium salt exemplifies the translation of biochemical discoveries into practical applications. From supporting critical energy metabolism in medicine to serving as a research tool and supplement, it highlights the intersection of fundamental science and applied health technologies.

References

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