Bismuth is unusually low in toxicity compared with most metals of similar atomic weight. That is why it is sometimes described as the ""green heavy metal."" Its most important oxide, bismuth trioxide, Bi2O3, is helping materials scientists replace more hazardous substances in electronics, ceramics, and specialty glasses.
For decades, lead compounds were valued because they lowered processing temperatures and gave electronic materials useful electrical and optical properties. Unfortunately, those advantages came with serious environmental costs. Bismuth trioxide can provide many similar benefits without the same level of concern, making it important in lead-free glass, electronic ceramics, sealing materials, and voltage-sensitive components.
Global Chemical Database