N,N-Dimethylglycine hydrochloride
[CAS# 2491-06-7]

Identification

• Classification: Biochemical >> Amino acids and their derivatives >> Glycine derivatives
• Name: N,N-Dimethylglycine hydrochloride
• Synonyms: N,N-Dimethylaminoacetic acid hydrochloride
• Molecular Formula: C₄H₉NO₂.HCl
• Molecular Weight: 139.58
• Protein Sequence: G
• CAS Registry Number: 2491-06-7
• EC Number: 219-648-2
• SMILES: CN(C)CC(=O)O.Cl

Properties

• Melting point: 188-191 °C
• Water solubility: 100 g/L (20 °C)

Safety Data

• Hazard Symbols: GHS07 Warning
• Risk Statements: H302-H315-H319-H332-H335
• Safety Statements: P261-P264-P264+P265-P270-P271-P280-P301+P317-P302+P352-P304+P340-P305+P351+P338-P317-P319-P321-P330-P332+P317-P337+P317-P362+P364-P403+P233-P405-P501

Hazard Classification

Hazard	Class	Category Code	Hazard Statement
Acute toxicity	Acute Tox.	4	H302

Discovery and Applications

N,N-Dimethylglycine hydrochloride (DMG HCl) has the molecular formula C₄H₁₀ClNO₂. It is a derivative of glycine (an amino acid) and has attracted much attention for its various applications in medicine and biochemistry. N,N-Dimethylglycine was first synthesized in the early 20th century as part of research on amino acid derivatives. The hydrochloride form N,N-Dimethylglycine hydrochloride was developed to enhance the stability and solubility of the compound. It was originally discovered to explore its physiological effects and potential therapeutic uses.

The synthesis of N,N-Dimethylglycine hydrochloride involves the reaction of glycine with a methylating agent (usually dimethyl sulfate or iodomethane) in the presence of a base to introduce two methyl groups to form N,N-dimethylglycine. The resulting N,N-dimethylglycine is then reacted with hydrochloric acid to form the hydrochloride salt, which improves its stability and solubility. The final product is a white crystalline powder that is highly soluble in water.

N,N-Dimethylglycine hydrochloride is often used as a dietary supplement to enhance cognitive performance. It is believed to support mental performance, improve memory, and increase energy levels. While scientific evidence to support these claims remains limited, it remains popular in the supplement industry for its potential nootropic effects.

In sports and fitness, DMG·HCl is used to enhance physical performance and reduce fatigue. Athletes and bodybuilders use it to potentially improve endurance, increase strength, and aid recovery. Its role in regulating metabolism and supporting energy production is of interest in sports nutrition.

Research on DMG·HCl has explored its potential therapeutic uses. Studies have investigated its effects on conditions such as metabolic disorders, neurological disorders, and chronic fatigue. Its role in enhancing cellular metabolism and supporting mitochondrial function is a focus of ongoing research.

In biochemical research, N,N-dimethylglycine hydrochloride is used as a substrate or reagent in a variety of assays and experiments. Its use aids in studying enzyme activity, metabolic pathways, and the effects of methylation on biological processes.

DMG·HCl is also used in veterinary medicine, particularly in improving the health and performance of animals. It can be used as a supplement to support overall health, enhance energy, and potentially aid in recovery from illness or injury.

References

2024. Structure-activity relationship of amino acid analogs to probe the binding pocket of sodium-coupled neutral amino acid transporter SNAT2. *Amino Acids*, 56(1).
DOI: 10.1007/s00726-024-03424-3

2023. Cationic Ester Prodrugs of Curcumin with N,N-dimethyl Amino Acid Promoieties Improved Poor Water Solubility and Intestinal Absorption. *Pharmaceutical Research*, 40(4).
DOI: 10.1007/s11095-023-03500-5

1983. N,N-Dimethylglycine hydrochloride. *Journal of Crystallographic and Spectroscopic Research*, 13(4).
DOI: 10.1007/bf01158904