Poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride)
[CAS 26062-79-3]

Identification

• Classification: Catalysts and additives >> Polymer
• Name: Poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride)
• Synonyms: N,N-Dimethyl-N-2-propenyl-2-propen-1-aminium chloride homopolymer
• Molecular Formula: (C₈H₁₆ClN)_n
• Molecular Weight: 200,000-350,000
• CAS Registry Number: 26062-79-3
• EC Number: 687-463-8
• SMILES: [Cl-].[N+](CC=C)(CC=C)(C)C

Properties

• Density: 1.04 g/mL (25 °C)
• Refractive index: 1.375

Safety Data

Hazard Classification

Hazard	Class	Category Code	Hazard Statement
Chronic hazardous to the aquatic environment	Aquatic Chronic	3	H412

chemBlink Chemical Story

Poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride), commonly abbreviated as polyDADMAC, is a water-soluble cationic polymer derived from diallyldimethylammonium chloride monomers. It is widely used in water treatment, paper manufacturing, and various industrial applications due to its strong cationic charge, which facilitates interactions with negatively charged particles.

The development of polyDADMAC can be traced back to advancements in polymer chemistry, particularly in the mid-20th century, when researchers explored cationic polymers for coagulation and flocculation purposes. Its high charge density makes it an effective coagulant and flocculant in water and wastewater treatment, where it aids in the removal of suspended solids, organic matter, and other impurities by promoting aggregation and sedimentation.

In water treatment, polyDADMAC is used in both drinking water purification and industrial wastewater management. It enhances the efficiency of sedimentation and filtration processes by neutralizing negatively charged colloidal particles, leading to improved water clarity and quality. The polymer is also employed in sludge dewatering processes to facilitate the separation of water from solid waste materials.

The paper and pulp industry utilizes polyDADMAC to improve retention and drainage during papermaking. It interacts with anionic fibers and fillers, enhancing paper strength and reducing the loss of fine particles during processing. Additionally, it contributes to improved sizing and printability by modifying surface properties.

Beyond water treatment and papermaking, polyDADMAC is used in personal care products, including hair conditioners and skin care formulations, where it acts as a conditioning agent by reducing static and enhancing smoothness. It also finds applications in textiles, oilfield operations, and chemical formulations requiring charge control.

PolyDADMAC exhibits stability across a range of pH conditions and remains effective in various water compositions. However, its use must be carefully controlled, particularly in drinking water applications, to ensure compliance with regulatory limits on residual polymer content. Environmental considerations include the need for proper dosing to prevent excessive polymer discharge, as well as evaluation of its biodegradability and potential ecological effects.

The widespread adoption of polyDADMAC in industrial and municipal processes highlights its importance as a versatile cationic polymer. Its continued use in water treatment, papermaking, and other sectors is supported by its well-documented effectiveness and compatibility with diverse processing conditions.

References

2010. Salt-induced fusion of microcapsules of polyelectrolytes. Soft Matter, 6(19).
DOI: 10.1039/c0sm00218f

2010. Interfacial self-assembly of cellulose-based polyelectrolyte complexes: pattern formation of fractal "trees". Soft Matter, 6(5).
DOI: 10.1039/b918529a

2011. Incorporating anionic dyes into silica nanoparticles by using a cationic polyelectrolyte as a bridge. Journal of Materials Chemistry, 21(5).
DOI: 10.1039/c0jm02946g