Isostearic acid
[CAS# 2724-58-5]

Identification

• Classification: Analytical chemistry >> Food safety >> Fatty acid, fatty acid methyl ester
• Name: Isostearic acid
• Synonyms: 16-Methylheptadecanoic acid
• Molecular Formula: C₁₈H₃₆O₂
• Molecular Weight: 284.48
• CAS Registry Number: 2724-58-5
• EC Number: 220-336-3
• SMILES: CC(C)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)O

Properties

• Density: 0.887g/cm³, Calc.
• Melting point: 69.5 °C
• Boiling point: 400.836 °C (760 mmHg), Calc.
• Flash point: 225.65 °C, Calc.

Safety Data

• Hazard Symbols: GHS07 Warning
• Risk Statements: H315
• Safety Statements: P264-P280-P302+P352-P321-P332+P317-P362+P364

Discovery and Applications

Isostearic acid is a branched fatty acid that has attracted much attention for its unique chemical properties and multiple industrial applications. Isostearic acid was first discovered in the 1940s when chemists began exploring the properties of various fatty acids from natural sources. The compound is a branched fatty acid with a unique molecular structure that differs from its linear counterpart, stearic acid. It is named for its isomeric relationship with stearic acid, which has a similar but linear configuration.

Isostearic acid, with the chemical formula C₁₈H₃₄O₂, is a colorless to pale yellow solid with a melting point of approximately 50°C. It is insoluble in water but soluble in organic solvents such as ethanol, acetone, and chloroform. Its branched structure gives it different physical and chemical properties compared to linear fatty acids, such as a lower melting point and unique reactivity in chemical processes.

Isostearic acid is widely used in the cosmetics industry for its emollient properties. It is included in the formulation of skin creams, lotions, and ointments to enhance texture and stability. Its ability to act as a thickener and emulsifier makes it valuable in creating smooth, consistent products.

The compound is used in the manufacture of industrial lubricants and greases. Isostearic acid's stability at high temperatures and low volatility make it an effective additive to improve the performance and life of lubricants used in machinery and engines.

Isostearic acid is used as a plasticizer in the production of polymers and resins. It helps to enhance the flexibility and durability of plastics, making them suitable for use in coatings, films, and other plastic products.

Fatty acids are also used in the production of surfactants and detergents. Its ability to reduce the surface tension of liquids makes it useful in the formulation of cleaners and industrial detergents.

In the pharmaceutical industry, isostearic acid is used as an excipient in drug formulations. It helps to stabilize and solubilize active ingredients, improving the efficacy and delivery of drugs.

Research continues to explore new applications and improvements in the use of isostearic acid. Advances in green chemistry and sustainable production methods are expected to increase its utility and reduce its impact on the environment.

References

2023. Selective extraction equilibria of Sc(III), Y(III), Fe(III) and Al(III) from acidic media with toluene mixture of deep eutectic solvent (DES) composed of TOPO and isostearic acid. Analytical Sciences, 39(2).
DOI: 10.1007/s44211-022-00234-z

2023. Isostearic acid is an active component of imiquimod formulations used to induce psoriaform disease models. Inflammopharmacology, 31(2).
DOI: 10.1007/s10787-023-01175-3

1956. The branched-chain fatty acids of mutton fat. 3. The isolation of 16-methylheptadecanoic acid (isostearic acid). The Biochemical Journal, 64(2).
DOI: 10.1042/bj0640214