Alagebrium chloride
[CAS# 341028-37-3]

Identification

• Classification: API >> Circulatory system medication
• Name: Alagebrium chloride
• Synonyms: 4,5-Dimethyl-3-(2-oxo-2-phenylethyl)thiazolium chloride; 2-(4,5-Dimethyl-1,3-thiazol-3-yl)-1-phenyl-ethanone chloride
• Molecular Formula: C₁₃H₁₄ClNOS
• Molecular Weight: 267.77
• CAS Registry Number: 341028-37-3
• EC Number: 636-473-0
• SMILES: CC1=C(SC=[N+]1CC(=O)C2=CC=CC=C2)C.[Cl-]

Safety Data

• Hazard Symbols: GHS06;GHS07 Danger
• Risk Statements: H302-H315-H318-H335
• Safety Statements: P261-P264-P264+P265-P270-P271-P280-P301+P317-P302+P352-P304+P340-P305+P354+P338-P317-P319-P321-P330-P332+P317-P362+P364-P403+P233-P405-P501

Hazard Classification

Hazard	Class	Category Code	Hazard Statement
Skin irritation	Skin Irrit.	2	H315
Acute toxicity	Acute Tox.	4	H302
Specific target organ toxicity - single exposure	STOT SE	3	H335
Serious eye damage	Eye Dam.	1	H318
Eye irritation	Eye Irrit.	2	H319

Discovery and Applications

Alagebrium chloride, also known as ALT-711, is a small molecule drug that has garnered attention for its potential therapeutic applications in treating age-related diseases, particularly those associated with the accumulation of advanced glycation end-products (AGEs). AGEs are complex compounds formed when proteins or lipids become glycated as a result of exposure to sugars, leading to various pathological conditions, including diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and neurodegenerative disorders. Alagebrium chloride acts as a cross-link breaker, targeting these AGEs to improve tissue elasticity and function.

The discovery of Alagebrium chloride can be traced back to the early 1990s, when researchers began exploring the implications of AGEs in the aging process and related diseases. The compound was identified as a potential therapeutic agent aimed at disrupting the cross-links formed by AGEs in connective tissues, which can lead to reduced elasticity and increased stiffness. This discovery paved the way for a series of preclinical and clinical studies evaluating its safety and efficacy.

Alagebrium chloride is synthesized through a multi-step process involving the reaction of specific precursors to yield the desired chemical structure. The synthesis typically includes the formation of the chlorinated derivative, followed by purification steps to ensure the compound meets pharmaceutical standards. The precise chemical structure of Alagebrium chloride contributes to its ability to interact with AGE cross-links, making it a promising candidate for therapeutic applications.

One of the primary applications of Alagebrium chloride is in the field of cardiovascular medicine. Clinical studies have demonstrated its potential to improve arterial compliance and reduce systolic blood pressure in patients with conditions associated with increased vascular stiffness, such as diabetes and hypertension. By breaking down the AGE cross-links that contribute to vascular stiffness, Alagebrium chloride may enhance blood flow and reduce the risk of cardiovascular events.

Additionally, research is ongoing into the compound's effects on other age-related conditions, including neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's disease. Some studies suggest that AGEs may play a role in neuroinflammation and the progression of cognitive decline. By mitigating the impact of AGEs in neural tissues, Alagebrium chloride holds promise for improving cognitive function and overall brain health.

Beyond its direct therapeutic applications, Alagebrium chloride also serves as a valuable tool in scientific research. Its mechanism of action provides insights into the role of AGEs in various diseases, facilitating a deeper understanding of their biological impact and potential strategies for intervention. Researchers continue to investigate the compound's pharmacological properties, exploring modifications to enhance its efficacy and minimize side effects.

In summary, Alagebrium chloride is a significant chemical entity with potential applications in treating age-related diseases linked to advanced glycation end-products. Its discovery marked an important advancement in the quest for therapies that address the effects of aging on the human body. Ongoing research aims to further elucidate its mechanisms and broaden its applications, solidifying its role in modern medicine.

References

2007. Alagebrium chloride. Pharmaceutical Substances.
URL: https://pharmaceutical-substances.thieme.com/ps/search-results?docUri=KD-01-0103