Carbazochrome sodium sulfonate
[CAS# 51460-26-5]

Identification

• Classification: API >> Blood system medication >> Hemostatic drug
• Name: Carbazochrome sodium sulfonate
• Synonyms: Sodium 5-(carbamoylhydrazono)-2,3,5,6-tetrahydro-1-methyl-6-oxo-1H-indole-2-sulphonate
• Molecular Formula: C₁₀H₁₁N₄NaO₅S
• Molecular Weight: 322.27
• CAS Registry Number: 51460-26-5
• EC Number: 257-217-0
• SMILES: CN1C(CC2=CC(=C(C=C21)O)N=NC(=O)N)S(=O)(=O)[O-].[Na+]

Safety Data

• Hazard Symbols: GHS07 Warning
• Risk Statements: H302-H317
• Safety Statements: P280

Discovery and Applications

Carbazochrome sodium sulfonate is a hemostatic agent used primarily to manage bleeding by stabilizing blood vessels and reducing capillary permeability. It is commonly used in the treatment of conditions associated with bleeding disorders, including post-operative bleeding, hemorrhagic disorders, and other conditions where there is excessive bleeding due to fragile blood vessels or capillary leakage.

The compound is a derivative of carbazochrome, which itself is a synthetic flavonoid. Carbazochrome sodium sulfonate is known for its ability to strengthen the walls of blood vessels, making them less prone to rupture. It achieves this by promoting the re-establishment of normal capillary integrity, which helps in reducing the tendency for capillary leakage and preventing further blood loss.

The mechanism of action of carbazochrome sodium sulfonate involves its effect on the endothelial cells of the blood vessels. It acts by stabilizing these cells, which line the blood vessels, and helps maintain their structural integrity, thus reducing the likelihood of hemorrhaging. By enhancing the tone of small blood vessels and decreasing their permeability, the drug minimizes the escape of blood components into the surrounding tissues, thereby controlling bleeding.

Carbazochrome sodium sulfonate is administered via intravenous or intramuscular injection, and the dosage is typically adjusted according to the patient's specific condition and severity of the bleeding. It is often used in clinical settings, such as during surgeries or in cases where bleeding disorders result in excessive blood loss. The drug may also be prescribed for conditions like purpura, a disorder characterized by small blood vessel leakage, which leads to easy bruising and spontaneous bleeding.

Although carbazochrome sodium sulfonate is generally considered safe, it is important to monitor patients for potential side effects. These may include local reactions at the injection site, allergic reactions, and, in rare cases, gastrointestinal upset. It is also important to use this drug cautiously in patients with a history of blood clotting disorders, as excessive use may increase the risk of thrombotic complications.

The discovery of carbazochrome sodium sulfonate is part of the broader effort to develop drugs that can improve vascular integrity and reduce bleeding risks. Its use in both acute and chronic bleeding conditions has made it a valuable tool in medical practice, especially in the fields of surgery and hematology.

In conclusion, carbazochrome sodium sulfonate is a useful hemostatic agent that helps control bleeding by stabilizing blood vessels and reducing their permeability. Its application in clinical settings has improved patient outcomes, particularly in cases involving fragile blood vessels or bleeding disorders.

References

2014. Optimization of solid phase extraction clean up and validation of quantitative determination of carbazochrome sodium sulfonate in human plasma by liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry. Journal of Chromatography B: Analytical Technologies in the Biomedical and Life Sciences, 953-954.
DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2014.01.014

2020. Hemostatic and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Carbazochrome Sodium Sulfonate in Patients Undergoing Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Randomized Controlled Trial. The Journal of Arthroplasty, 35(1).
DOI: 10.1016/j.arth.2019.07.045

2024. Risk Factors for Post-Colorectal Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection Bleeding and Efficacy of Carbazochrome Sodium Sulfonate: A Multicenter Retrospective Cohort Study. Digestion, 105(5).
DOI: 10.1159/000539367