3-Methyl-1-butene
[CAS# 563-45-1]

Identification

• Classification: Organic raw materials >> Hydrocarbon compounds and their derivatives >> Acyclic hydrocarbon
• Name: 3-Methyl-1-butene
• Synonyms: 3-Methylbut-1-ene
• Molecular Formula: C₅H₁₀
• Molecular Weight: 70.13
• CAS Registry Number: 563-45-1
• EC Number: 209-249-1
• SMILES: CC(C)C=C

Properties

• Density: 0.627
• Melting point: -168 °C
• Boiling point: 20 °C
• Flash point: -57 °C

Safety Data

• Hazard Symbols: GHS02;GHS07;GHS08 Danger
• Risk Statements: H224-H304-H315-H319-H335
• Safety Statements: P210-P233-P240-P241-P242-P243-P261-P264-P264+P265-P271-P280-P301+P316-P302+P352-P303+P361+P353-P304+P340-P305+P351+P338-P319-P321-P331-P332+P317-P337+P317-P362+P364-P370+P378-P403+P233-P403+P235-P405-P501

Hazard Classification

Hazard	Class	Category Code	Hazard Statement
Flammable liquids	Flam. Liq.	1	H224
Eye irritation	Eye Irrit.	2	H319
Skin irritation	Skin Irrit.	2	H315
Aspiration hazard	Asp. Tox.	1	H304
Specific target organ toxicity - single exposure	STOT SE	3	H335

• Transport Information: UN 2561

Discovery and Applications

The discovery of 3-methyl-1-butene stems from its synthesis through the selective alkylation of propylene under controlled conditions. This synthetic route produces a clear, colorless liquid with a unique molecular structure characterized by the substitution of a butene backbone with a methyl group on the third carbon atom. This structural configuration provides the compound with exceptional stability and reactivity, laying the foundation for its wide range of industrial applications. 3-Methyl-1-butene is characterized by a molecular structure that includes a branched butene chain with a methyl group attached to the third carbon atom. This structure affects its physical properties such as boiling point, density, and solubility, making it suitable for a variety of industrial and commercial uses.

3-Methyl-1-butene is a key monomer in the production of elastomers and specialty polymers. The addition of 3-methyl-1-butene enhances the flexibility, elasticity, and resistance to environmental stresses of polymers, making it essential for the manufacture of durable materials in the automotive, construction, and consumer goods industries.

The compound is widely used as a chemical intermediate in the synthesis of pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, and specialty chemicals. Its structural versatility allows for customized molecular design, thereby optimizing the performance and efficacy of products in a variety of applications.

Due to its high octane rating and combustion characteristics, 3-methyl-1-butene is used as a fuel additive to improve the efficiency and performance of gasoline blends. This application helps reduce emissions and improve engine efficiency in the automotive and aviation industries.

Ongoing research explores the potential of 3-methyl-1-butene in the following areas: studying its catalytic properties in organic synthesis and industrial processes to improve reaction rates, selectivity, and yields of valuable chemical products; evaluating its biodegradability and environmental impact to enable sustainable applications in waste treatment and environmental remediation technologies; exploring its role in advanced materials synthesis, including nanomaterials and composites, to innovate new functional materials with enhanced properties.

Research on the safety and regulatory compliance of 3-methyl-1-butene ensures its responsible handling and use in industrial and consumer applications, adhering to strict environmental and occupational health standards.

References

2021. Oligomerization of 3-methyl-1-butene over zeolite catalysts. Russian Journal of Applied Chemistry, 94(2).
DOI: 10.1134/s096554412102002x

2022. Catalytic upgrading of hydrocarbons over zeolites. Catalysis Letters, 152(9).
DOI: 10.1007/s10563-022-09367-7

2022. Transient species in hydrocarbon flames. Applied Physics B, 128(4).
DOI: 10.1007/s00340-022-07803-0