Dithizone
[CAS# 60-10-6]

Identification

• Classification: Chemical reagent >> Organic reagent >> Aromatic acid
• Name: Dithizone
• Synonyms: Diphenylthiocarbazone; 1,5-Diphenyl-3-thiocarbazone
• Molecular Formula: C₁₃H₁₂N₄S
• Molecular Weight: 256.33
• CAS Registry Number: 60-10-6
• EC Number: 200-454-1
• SMILES: C1=CC=C(C=C1)NNC(=S)N=NC2=CC=CC=C2

Properties

• Melting point: 168 °C (dec.)

Safety Data

• Hazard Symbols: GHS07 Warning
• Risk Statements: H315-H319-H335
• Safety Statements: P261-P264-P264+P265-P271-P280-P302+P352-P304+P340-P305+P351+P338-P319-P321-P332+P317-P337+P317-P362+P364-P403+P233-P405-P501

Hazard Classification

Hazard	Class	Category Code	Hazard Statement
Skin irritation	Skin Irrit.	2	H315
Eye irritation	Eye Irrit.	2	H319
Specific target organ toxicity - single exposure	STOT SE	3	H335
Acute toxicity	Acute Tox.	4	H302
Acute toxicity	Acute Tox.	4	H312
Specific target organ toxicity - single exposure	STOT SE	2	H371
Acute toxicity	Acute Tox.	4	H332

Discovery and Applications

Disulfide hydrazone, chemically known as 1,5-diphenylthiourea, was first synthesized by chemist Hugo Weidel in 1926. The compound originated from Weidel's research on thiourea derivatives and is known for its ability to form colored complexes with various metal ions. The unique properties of disulfide hydrazone make it an important reagent in analytical chemistry, especially for detecting and quantifying metal ions in solution.

Disulfide hydrazone is primarily used as a reagent in analytical chemistry for the detection and quantification of metal ions. It forms stable colored complexes with a variety of metals, including lead, zinc, and copper. These complexes can be analyzed by spectrophotometry, providing a sensitive and precise method for determining metal concentrations in environmental and industrial samples.

In environmental science, disulfide hydrazone plays a vital role in soil and water quality testing. It is used to detect trace amounts of heavy metals such as lead and cadmium, which can be harmful to human health and the environment. Disulfide hydrazone-based methods can accurately monitor pollution levels and help ensure compliance with environmental regulations.

The ability of disulfide hydrazone to bind to metal ions can be used in medical and biochemical research. It is used to study the distribution of metal ions in biological tissues and to investigate metal-related diseases. In addition, disulfide hydrazone helps understand the role of metal ions in enzyme function and other biochemical processes.

In industry, disulfide hydrazone is used in various processes that require metal detection and analysis. It helps in quality control and material testing, ensuring that metals used in manufacturing meet required specifications and are free of contaminants.

Disulfide hydrazone is also used in educational settings to teach analytical chemistry principles. Its colorimetric properties make it an effective tool for demonstrating concepts related to metal ion complexation and spectrophotometric analysis.

References

2024. Surface-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization of Metal Complexes with Dithizone. Journal of Analytical Chemistry, 79(12).
DOI: 10.1134/s1061934824700989

2024. Ultra-Efficient Removal of Mercury from Contaminated Water using Selected Phenylimidazole Derivatives. Water, Air, & Soil Pollution, 235(6).
DOI: 10.1007/s11270-024-07184-4

2024. Emulsions, dipsticks and membranes based on oxalic acid-treated nanocellulose for the detection of aqueous and gaseous HgCl2. Cellulose, 31(8).
DOI: 10.1007/s10570-024-05950-5