2-Nitropropane
[CAS# 79-46-9]

Identification

• Classification: Organic raw materials >> Organometallic compound >> Organic germanium, cobalt, strontium, barium, gallium, germanium, germanium, germanium, germanium, etc.
• Name: 2-Nitropropane
• Molecular Formula: C₃H₇NO₂
• Molecular Weight: 89.09
• CAS Registry Number: 79-46-9
• EC Number: 201-209-1
• SMILES: CC(C)[N+](=O)[O-]

Properties

• Density: 0.992
• Melting point: -93 °C
• Boiling point: 119-122 °C
• Refractive index: 1.393-1.395
• Flash point: 28 °C
• Water solubility: 1.7 g/100 mL (20 °C)

Safety Data

• Hazard Symbols: GHS02;GHS08;GHS07 Danger
• Risk Statements: H226-H302-H331-H332-H341-H350-H412
• Safety Statements: P203-P210-P233-P240-P241-P242-P243-P261-P264-P270-P271-P273-P280-P301+P317-P303+P361+P353-P304+P340-P316-P317-P318-P321-P330-P370+P378-P403+P233-P403+P235-P405-P501

Hazard Classification

Hazard	Class	Category Code	Hazard Statement
Flammable liquids	Flam. Liq.	3	H226
Acute toxicity	Acute Tox.	4	H302
Carcinogenicity	Carc.	1B	H350
Chronic hazardous to the aquatic environment	Aquatic Chronic	3	H412
Acute toxicity	Acute Tox.	3	H331
Germ cell mutagenicity	Muta.	2	H341
Acute toxicity	Acute Tox.	4	H332
Serious eye damage	Eye Dam.	1	H318
Skin corrosion	Skin Corr.	1B	H314

• Transport Information: UN 2608

Discovery and Applications

2-Nitropropane (2-NP) is an industrial solvent and chemical intermediate that was first synthesized as part of nitroalkane research in the early 20th century. The compound is produced by the nitration process, which involves the reaction of propane with nitric acid. Its potential as an effective solvent was soon recognized, leading to its commercial production and application in various industries.

2-Nitropropane is a nitro compound with a nitro group (-NO₂) attached to the propane backbone. This structure gives it special chemical properties, making it a valuable solvent and intermediate in chemical synthesis. It is a clear, colorless liquid that is miscible with a wide range of organic solvents and slightly soluble in water. 2-Nitropropane is typically produced by the high-temperature nitration of propane, but can also be synthesized by reacting isopropanol with nitric acid under controlled conditions.

2-Nitropropane is a powerful solvent in industrial applications. Its ability to dissolve a wide range of resins, oils, and polymers makes it suitable as a solvent in the production of paints, varnishes, and coatings, helping to achieve the desired viscosity and drying properties. It is also used in the formulation of adhesives and sealants, improving their application and performance characteristics. It is used in the manufacture of printing inks, where its solvent properties aid in the uniform dispersion of pigments.

In chemical synthesis, 2-nitropropane is a valuable intermediate in the production of other chemicals, including for the synthesis of active pharmaceutical ingredients and intermediates, which play a role in the development of various drugs. It is involved in the production of pesticides and herbicides, and in the formulation of effective crop protection agents. It is also used in the manufacture of specialty chemicals and compounds in various industrial processes.

2-Nitropropane is explored as a fuel additive because of its ability to improve the performance of gasoline and diesel fuels. It can improve combustion efficiency and reduce emissions from internal combustion engines.

Due to its potential toxicity and flammability, 2-nitropropane must be handled with care. Exposure to 2-nitropropane may cause adverse health effects, including respiratory and skin irritation. Proper protective equipment, ventilation, and storage conditions are essential to ensure safe handling. 2-Nitropropane is classified as a hazardous air pollutant and requires careful management to minimize emissions to the environment. Regulations govern its use, disposal, and emissions to protect the environment and human health.

References

2021. Glycine-derived nitronates bifurcate to O-methylation or denitrification in bacteria. Nature Chemistry, 13(4).
DOI: 10.1038/s41557-021-00656-8

2022. Synthesis of stable adducts of highly electrophilic nitro(het)arenes with С-nucleophiles. Russian Chemical Bulletin, 71(3).
DOI: 10.1007/s11172-022-3435-0

2019. Recent developments and comparison of transformation strategies for organic halides to aldehydes and ketones. Molecular Diversity, 23(4).
DOI: 10.1007/s11030-019-09956-1