Hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose
[CAS# 9004-65-3]

Identification

• Classification: Surfactant >> Nonionic surfactant >> Polyol ester type
• Name: Hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose
• Synonyms: (Hydroxypropyl)methyl cellulose
• Molecular Weight: ~86000
• CAS Registry Number: 9004-65-3
• EC Number: 618-389-6

Properties

• Density: 1.39
• Water solubility: SOLUBLE

Safety Data

• Safety Statements: S24/25

Hazard Classification

Hazard	Class	Category Code	Hazard Statement
Specific target organ toxicity - repeated exposure	STOT RE	1	H372

Discovery and Applications

Hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (HPMC) is a chemically modified cellulose derivative widely used in various industrial and commercial applications. The compound was first synthesized in the mid-20th century as part of research aimed at developing new materials with improved properties over traditional cellulose. Its unique chemical structure, which includes both hydroxypropyl and methyl groups, gives it distinctive properties that make it useful in a range of applications.

The discovery of HPMC can be traced back to the 1950s when researchers sought to modify cellulose to enhance its solubility and functionality. By introducing hydroxypropyl and methyl groups into the cellulose structure, scientists created a compound that could dissolve in water and form gels or films, which was a significant advancement over the insolubility of native cellulose. This modification not only improved the solubility of cellulose but also allowed for a range of functional properties that made HPMC valuable in various fields.

One of the primary applications of Hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose is as a thickening and stabilizing agent in the food industry. HPMC is used to modify the viscosity and texture of food products, such as sauces, dressings, and baked goods. Its ability to form a gel-like consistency when dissolved in water helps improve the texture and consistency of these products. Additionally, HPMC acts as a stabilizer in food formulations, preventing the separation of ingredients and enhancing the overall quality of the final product.

In the pharmaceutical industry, HPMC is used as an excipient in tablet and capsule formulations. It serves as a binder and disintegrant, helping to hold the tablet together and facilitate its breakdown and release of the active pharmaceutical ingredient in the body. The compound’s properties allow it to form a controlled-release matrix, which can be crucial for managing the release rate of drugs and improving patient compliance.

HPMC is also widely used in the construction industry, particularly in the formulation of cement-based products and coatings. It acts as a water-retention agent, helping to improve the workability and adhesion of cement and plaster. By maintaining moisture levels during the curing process, HPMC ensures better bonding and finishing of construction materials.

In addition to these applications, Hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose is utilized in personal care products, including cosmetics and pharmaceuticals. It is used in products such as lotions, creams, and gels due to its ability to provide a smooth texture and stabilize formulations.

Despite its widespread use, the safety profile of HPMC is generally considered favorable. It is non-toxic and biodegradable, which makes it suitable for use in a variety of consumer products. However, as with any chemical substance, proper handling and adherence to safety guidelines are recommended.

In summary, Hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose is a versatile compound with a range of applications in the food, pharmaceutical, construction, and personal care industries. Its unique chemical properties, including solubility and gel-forming ability, have made it a valuable component in many products and processes.

References

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