Apoptosis and autophagy are two essential cellular processes that regulate cell survival and death. Apoptosis, often called programmed cell death, is a highly regulated process that eliminates damaged or unnecessary cells. Autophagy, on the other hand, is a "self-eating" process where cells digest their own components to recycle nutrients and remove harmful substances. These mechanisms play vital roles in maintaining cell and tissue health, and their dysregulation is associated with various diseases, including cancer and neurodegenerative disorders. Both processes are intricate and interconnected, influencing cell fate and overall organism well-being.
