Antibodies, also known as immunoglobulins, are Y-shaped proteins produced by the immune system to identify and neutralize foreign substances like pathogens and toxins. They play a crucial role in immune responses, aiding in the recognition and destruction of invaders. Antibodies have diverse applications in research, diagnostics, and therapy, including monoclonal antibodies used as targeted treatments for diseases like cancer and autoimmune disorders. They are integral to our understanding of immunology and the development of cutting-edge medical interventions.