Pyridoxine hydrochloride
[CAS# 58-56-0]

Identification

• Classification: Food additive >> Nutrition supplements >> Vitamins
• Name: Pyridoxine hydrochloride
• Synonyms: 5-Hydroxy-6-methyl-3,4-pyridinedimethanol; 2-Methyl-3-hydroxy-4,5-bis(hydroxymethyl)pyridine hydrochloride; 3-Hydroxy-4,5-dimethylol-a-picoline hydrochloride; Pyridoxol hydrochloride; Pyridoxyl hydrochloride; Adermin hydrochloride; Vitamin B6
• Molecular Formula: C₈H₁₁NO₃.HCl;C₈H₁₂ClNO₃
• Molecular Weight: 205.64
• CAS Registry Number: 58-56-0
• EC Number: 200-386-2
• SMILES: CC1=NC=C(C(=C1O)CO)CO.Cl

Properties

• Melting point: 214 °C
• Water solubility: 0.1 g/mL (20 °C)

Safety Data

• Hazard Symbols: GHS05 Danger
• Risk Statements: H318
• Safety Statements: P264+P265-P280-P305+P354+P338-P317

Hazard Classification

Hazard	Class	Category Code	Hazard Statement
Serious eye damage	Eye Dam.	1	H318
Skin irritation	Skin Irrit.	2	H315
Eye irritation	Eye Irrit.	2	H319
Specific target organ toxicity - single exposure	STOT SE	3	H335
Reproductive toxicity	Repr.	1B	H360
Reproductive toxicity	Lact.	-	H362
Carcinogenicity	Carc.	2	H351
Chronic hazardous to the aquatic environment	Aquatic Chronic	2	H411

Discovery and Applications

Pyridoxine hydrochloride, commonly known as vitamin B6, is an essential water-soluble vitamin that plays a crucial role in numerous biological processes. Discovered in the 1930s, pyridoxine was initially isolated from yeast and liver extracts, leading to significant research into its health benefits and applications. Its chemical structure was elucidated in the late 1930s, and its importance in human health quickly became apparent. Pyridoxine is involved in over 100 enzymatic reactions, particularly those related to amino acid metabolism, neurotransmitter synthesis, and the production of hemoglobin.

The primary application of pyridoxine hydrochloride is as a dietary supplement. It is widely used in the formulation of multivitamins and health supplements due to its essential role in human metabolism. The vitamin is crucial for the synthesis of neurotransmitters such as serotonin and dopamine, which are vital for mood regulation and cognitive function. Pyridoxine deficiency can lead to a range of health issues, including anemia, depression, and impaired immune function, making its supplementation particularly important for individuals at risk of deficiency, such as the elderly, pregnant women, and those with certain medical conditions.

In addition to its role in dietary supplementation, pyridoxine hydrochloride is utilized in various therapeutic contexts. It is often prescribed to treat conditions associated with vitamin B6 deficiency, such as peripheral neuropathy, certain types of anemia, and premenstrual syndrome (PMS). Furthermore, research has indicated that pyridoxine may have potential benefits in managing symptoms of conditions like depression and anxiety, although further studies are needed to fully understand its efficacy in these areas.

Pyridoxine hydrochloride is also used in the food industry as a food additive and preservative. It is added to various food products to enhance nutritional value and ensure proper functioning in food processing. The vitamin is recognized for its role in improving the stability and quality of certain food products, thereby contributing to public health by ensuring adequate vitamin intake through diet.

In the pharmaceutical industry, pyridoxine hydrochloride is often included in formulations for intravenous nutrition, providing an essential nutrient for patients who are unable to consume food orally. This application is crucial for those recovering from surgery, suffering from chronic illnesses, or receiving parenteral nutrition, ensuring they receive vital nutrients during their recovery.

In conclusion, pyridoxine hydrochloride is a significant chemical substance with diverse applications in dietary supplementation, food processing, and pharmaceuticals. Its discovery has led to a greater understanding of vitamin B6's essential role in human health, emphasizing the importance of maintaining adequate levels of this vital nutrient for overall well-being.

References

2024. An Array-based Photolithographically Patterned Electrochemical Sensing Platform for Highly Sensitive Determination of Uric Acid, Dopamine, l-Tryptophan, and Pyridoxine in Biological Samples. Journal of Analysis and Testing.
DOI: 10.1007/s41664-024-00318-x

2023. Logistic Regression Model: The Effect of Endogenous Magnesium Level on the Concentration of Magnesium Drugs in a Bioequivalence Study. Pharmaceutical Chemistry Journal.
DOI: 10.1007/s11094-023-02928-8

2024. Quaternary Ammonium Compounds Based on Pyridoxine Derivatives: A New Class of Promising Antiseptics (A Review). Russian Journal of General Chemistry.
DOI: 10.1134/s1070363224080012