Zinc sulfate monohydrate
[CAS# 7446-19-7]

Identification

• Classification: Inorganic chemical industry >> Inorganic salt >> Metal sulfides and sulfates
• Name: Zinc sulfate monohydrate
• Molecular Formula: ZnSO₄^.H₂O
• Molecular Weight: 179.46
• CAS Registry Number: 7446-19-7
• EC Number: 616-096-8
• SMILES: O.[O-]S(=O)(=O)[O-].[Zn+2]

Properties

• Solubility: Soluble (water)

Safety Data

• Hazard Symbols: GHS05;GHS07;GHS09 Danger
• Hazard Statements: H302-H318-H400-H410
• Precautionary Statements: P264-P264+P265-P270-P273-P280-P301+P317-P305+P354+P338-P317-P330-P391-P501

Hazard Classification

Hazard	Class	Category Code	Hazard Statement
Acute toxicity	Acute Tox.	4	H302
Serious eye damage	Eye Dam.	1	H318
Chronic hazardous to the aquatic environment	Aquatic Chronic	1	H410
Acute hazardous to the aquatic environment	Aquatic Acute	1	H400
Skin irritation	Skin Irrit.	2	H315

• Transport Information: UN 3077

Discovory and Applicatios

Zinc sulfate has been known for centuries, with uses dating back to ancient times for both medicinal and industrial purposes. As chemistry developed, the monohydrate form (which includes one water molecule) was more specifically described and utilized. It is a colorless crystalline solid or white powder that is soluble in water and is obtained by reacting zinc oxide or zinc metal with sulfuric acid, which then crystallizes to achieve the monohydrate state.

Zinc sulfate monohydrate plays an important role in the medical and pharmaceutical fields. Zinc is an essential trace element that is critical for many biological functions including immune response, enzyme activity, and DNA synthesis. Zinc sulfate monohydrate is widely used in dietary supplements to prevent or treat zinc deficiency. Its bioavailability and ease of incorporation into tablets and capsules make it a top choice for addressing zinc deficiency, which can lead to impaired growth, decreased immunity, and delayed wound healing.

When applied topically, zinc sulfate monohydrate is used in a variety of skin treatments. It has astringent and antiseptic properties that make it an effective treatment for skin conditions such as acne, eczema, and minor wounds. Zinc sulfate is often added to creams and ointments to relieve pain and promote skin healing. Zinc sulfate is added to ophthalmic solutions to reduce eye irritation and redness. It helps maintain eye health and is used in the formulation of eye drops and eye washes.

Zinc sulfate monohydrate is widely used as a micronutrient in agriculture. It is an important component of fertilizers, providing plants with essential zinc, which is essential for growth, development, and disease resistance. Zinc deficiency in the soil can lead to stunted growth and reduced crop yields, and the addition of zinc sulfate helps improve soil fertility and crop productivity.

In animal husbandry, zinc sulfate monohydrate is added to animal feed to ensure adequate zinc levels, promote healthy growth, and improve reproductive performance. Zinc is essential for enzyme function and protein synthesis in animals, and zinc supplementation maintains optimal health.

In industrial settings, zinc sulfate monohydrate is used as a raw material for the production of other zinc compounds. Its solubility and reactivity make it suitable for a variety of chemical synthesis processes. Zinc sulfate is used in water treatment plants because it is able to control the growth of algae and bacteria. It acts as a coagulant, helping to remove impurities from water, making the water safer. Zinc sulfate is used in the electroplating industry to deposit zinc on metal surfaces to prevent corrosion and improve the durability of the product. It improves the appearance and extends the life of metal parts.

References

1971. Untersuchung der Bedingungen zur Gewinnung wasserfreien Zinksulfats. Monatshefte für Chemie / Chemical Monthly.
DOI: 10.1007/bf00909340

2023. Role of zinc in bulk precipitation from the steaming process of potable water. Heat and Mass Transfer, 59(7).
DOI: 10.1007/s00231-023-03384-6

2024. Separation of Magnesium by Fluorination from Zinc Sulfate Solution Through Surface Charge Control. Mining, Metallurgy & Exploration, 41(6).
DOI: 10.1007/s42461-024-01143-7