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Classification | Organic raw materials >> Hydrocarbon compounds and their derivatives >> Hydrocarbon halide |
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Name | Dichloromethane |
Synonyms | Methylene dichloride |
Molecular Structure | ![]() |
Molecular Formula | CH2Cl2 |
Molecular Weight | 84.93 |
CAS Registry Number | 75-09-2 |
EC Number | 200-838-9 |
SMILES | C(Cl)Cl |
Density | 1.3±0.1 g/cm3 Calc.*, 1.325 g/mL (Expl.) |
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Melting point | -97 ºC (Expl.) |
Boiling point | 39.6 ºC 760 mmHg (Calc.)*, 39.8 - 40 ºC (Expl.) |
Flash point | -14.1±22.4 ºC (Calc.)*, 230 ºC (Expl.) |
Solubility | 2.0 g/100g (20 ºC) (Expl.) |
Index of refraction | 1.398 (Calc.)*, 1.424 (Expl.) |
* | Calculated using Advanced Chemistry Development (ACD/Labs) Software. |
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Hazard Statements | H351 Details | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Precautionary Statements | P203-P280-P318-P405-P501 Details | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Transport Information | UN 1593;UN 1912 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Dichloromethane, also known as methylene chloride, is a colorless, volatile liquid with the chemical formula CH2Cl2. It has a sweet, chloroform-like odor and is moderately soluble in water but miscible with many organic solvents. Dichloromethane is a chlorinated hydrocarbon widely used as an industrial solvent due to its excellent ability to dissolve a broad range of organic compounds. The compound was first synthesized in the early 19th century by the reaction of chlorinated methane derivatives with hydrochloric acid. Industrially, dichloromethane is produced mainly by the chlorination of methane or chloromethane under controlled conditions. Its production involves free radical substitution reactions, resulting in a mixture of chlorinated methanes, which are separated by distillation. Dichloromethane is extensively employed as a solvent in numerous applications including paint stripping, degreasing metals, pharmaceutical manufacturing, and in the production of films and adhesives. Its relatively low boiling point (around 40 °C) allows easy removal by evaporation after the dissolution process. In the laboratory, dichloromethane is valued as an extraction solvent due to its density, which is higher than water, allowing efficient phase separation. In the pharmaceutical industry, dichloromethane is used as a reaction medium and solvent for extraction and purification of compounds. It plays a crucial role in the synthesis of various active pharmaceutical ingredients. In addition, dichloromethane is applied in the food industry for decaffeination of coffee and tea, although its use in food processing is strictly regulated due to toxicity concerns. Dichloromethane’s volatility and potential health effects require careful handling. It is classified as a probable human carcinogen and can cause irritation to the skin, eyes, and respiratory tract. Prolonged exposure or high concentrations can affect the central nervous system, leading to symptoms such as dizziness, headache, and nausea. Therefore, industrial and laboratory use must include adequate ventilation, protective equipment, and exposure monitoring. Environmental considerations are also significant for dichloromethane. Although it does not deplete the ozone layer like some other chlorinated solvents, it contributes to air pollution and may persist in aquatic environments. Its disposal and emissions are regulated in many countries to minimize environmental impact. Overall, dichloromethane remains an important solvent in industrial chemistry and scientific research. Its combination of solvent power, volatility, and chemical stability supports a wide range of processes, while safety and environmental controls continue to be critical in its application. References 1990. Species differences in carcinogenicity: The role of metabolism in human risk evaluation. Teratogenesis, Carcinogenesis, and Mutagenesis, 10(2). DOI: 10.1002/tcm.1770100206 1979. Residues of mancozeb and ethylenethiourea in grain samples. Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 23(6). DOI: 10.1007/bf02026973 1979. Use of XAD-2 macroreticular resin for the recovery of ambient trace levels of pesticides and industrial organic pollutants from water. Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 23(6). DOI: 10.1007/bf02026987 |
Market Analysis Reports |
List of Reports Available for Dichloromethane |