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Dichloromethane
[CAS# 75-09-2]

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Complete supplier list of Dichloromethane
Identification
Classification Organic raw materials >> Hydrocarbon compounds and their derivatives >> Hydrocarbon halide
Name Dichloromethane
Synonyms Methylene dichloride
Molecular Structure CAS # 75-09-2, Dichloromethane, Methylene dichloride
Molecular Formula CH2Cl2
Molecular Weight 84.93
CAS Registry Number 75-09-2
EC Number 200-838-9
SMILES C(Cl)Cl
Properties
Density 1.3±0.1 g/cm3 Calc.*, 1.325 g/mL (Expl.)
Melting point -97 ºC (Expl.)
Boiling point 39.6 ºC 760 mmHg (Calc.)*, 39.8 - 40 ºC (Expl.)
Flash point -14.1±22.4 ºC (Calc.)*, 230 ºC (Expl.)
Solubility 2.0 g/100g (20 ºC) (Expl.)
Index of refraction 1.398 (Calc.)*, 1.424 (Expl.)
* Calculated using Advanced Chemistry Development (ACD/Labs) Software.
Safety Data
Hazard Symbols symbol   GHS08 Warning    Details
Hazard Statements H351    Details
Precautionary Statements P203-P280-P318-P405-P501    Details
Hazard Classification
up    Details
HazardClassCategory CodeHazard Statement
CarcinogenicityCarc.2H351
Eye irritationEye Irrit.2H319
Skin irritationSkin Irrit.2H315
Specific target organ toxicity - single exposureSTOT SE3H336
Acute toxicityAcute Tox.4H302
Germ cell mutagenicityMuta.2H341
Specific target organ toxicity - repeated exposureSTOT RE2H373
Specific target organ toxicity - single exposureSTOT SE3H335
CarcinogenicityCarc.2H350
Specific target organ toxicity - single exposureSTOT SE1H370
Oxidising liquidsOx. Liq.1H271
Substances or mixtures corrosive to metalsMet. Corr.1H290
Chronic hazardous to the aquatic environmentAquatic Chronic2H411
Specific target organ toxicity - repeated exposureSTOT RE1H372
Acute hazardous to the aquatic environmentAquatic Acute2H401
Organic peroxidesOrg. Perox.AH240
ExplosivesExpl.1.1H200
Pyrophoric solidsPyr. Sol.1H250
Acute toxicityAcute Tox.1H330
Oxidising solidsOx. Sol.1H271
Flammable solidsFlam. Sol.1H228
Flammable liquidsFlam. Liq.1H224
Reproductive toxicityLact.-H362Aerosols
Substances or mixtures which in contact with water emit flammable gasesWater-react.1H260
Self-reactive substances or mixturesSelf-react.AH241
Aspiration hazardAsp. Tox.1H304
Pyrophoric liquidsPyr. Liq.1H250
Acute toxicityAcute Tox.1H310
Oxidising gasesOx. Gas1H270
Respiratory sensitizationResp. Sens.1H334
Eye irritationEye Irrit.2BH320
Flammable gasesFlam. Gas1H220
Skin sensitizationSkin Sens.1H317
Skin corrosionSkin Corr.1AH314
Reproductive toxicityRepr.1AH360
Self-heating substances or mixturesSelf-heat.1H251
Acute toxicityAcute Tox.1H300
Gases under pressure (compressed)Press. Gas (Comp.) H280
Serious eye damageEye Dam.1H318
Germ cell mutagenicityMuta.1AH340
Transport Information UN 1593;UN 1912
SDS Available
up Discovory and Applicatios
Dichloromethane, also known as methylene chloride, is a colorless, volatile liquid with the chemical formula CH2Cl2. It has a sweet, chloroform-like odor and is moderately soluble in water but miscible with many organic solvents. Dichloromethane is a chlorinated hydrocarbon widely used as an industrial solvent due to its excellent ability to dissolve a broad range of organic compounds.

The compound was first synthesized in the early 19th century by the reaction of chlorinated methane derivatives with hydrochloric acid. Industrially, dichloromethane is produced mainly by the chlorination of methane or chloromethane under controlled conditions. Its production involves free radical substitution reactions, resulting in a mixture of chlorinated methanes, which are separated by distillation.

Dichloromethane is extensively employed as a solvent in numerous applications including paint stripping, degreasing metals, pharmaceutical manufacturing, and in the production of films and adhesives. Its relatively low boiling point (around 40 °C) allows easy removal by evaporation after the dissolution process. In the laboratory, dichloromethane is valued as an extraction solvent due to its density, which is higher than water, allowing efficient phase separation.

In the pharmaceutical industry, dichloromethane is used as a reaction medium and solvent for extraction and purification of compounds. It plays a crucial role in the synthesis of various active pharmaceutical ingredients. In addition, dichloromethane is applied in the food industry for decaffeination of coffee and tea, although its use in food processing is strictly regulated due to toxicity concerns.

Dichloromethane’s volatility and potential health effects require careful handling. It is classified as a probable human carcinogen and can cause irritation to the skin, eyes, and respiratory tract. Prolonged exposure or high concentrations can affect the central nervous system, leading to symptoms such as dizziness, headache, and nausea. Therefore, industrial and laboratory use must include adequate ventilation, protective equipment, and exposure monitoring.

Environmental considerations are also significant for dichloromethane. Although it does not deplete the ozone layer like some other chlorinated solvents, it contributes to air pollution and may persist in aquatic environments. Its disposal and emissions are regulated in many countries to minimize environmental impact.

Overall, dichloromethane remains an important solvent in industrial chemistry and scientific research. Its combination of solvent power, volatility, and chemical stability supports a wide range of processes, while safety and environmental controls continue to be critical in its application.

References

1990. Species differences in carcinogenicity: The role of metabolism in human risk evaluation. Teratogenesis, Carcinogenesis, and Mutagenesis, 10(2).
DOI: 10.1002/tcm.1770100206

1979. Residues of mancozeb and ethylenethiourea in grain samples. Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 23(6).
DOI: 10.1007/bf02026973

1979. Use of XAD-2 macroreticular resin for the recovery of ambient trace levels of pesticides and industrial organic pollutants from water. Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 23(6).
DOI: 10.1007/bf02026987
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