Sodium fluoride
[CAS# 7681-49-4]

Identification

• Classification: API >> Special medicine >> Stomatology medication
• Name: Sodium fluoride
• Molecular Formula: NaF
• Molecular Weight: 41.99
• CAS Registry Number: 7681-49-4
• EC Number: 231-667-8
• SMILES: [F-].[Na+]

Properties

• Density: 2.558
• Melting point: 993 ºC
• Boiling point: 1700 ºC
• Water solubility: 4 g/100 mL (25 ºC)

Safety Data

• Hazard Symbols: GHS06;GHS07 Danger
• Hazard Statements: H301-H315-H319
• Precautionary Statements: P264-P264+P265-P270-P280-P301+P316-P302+P352-P305+P351+P338-P321-P330-P332+P317-P337+P317-P362+P364-P405-P501

Hazard Classification

Hazard	Class	Category Code	Hazard Statement
Skin irritation	Skin Irrit.	2	H315
Eye irritation	Eye Irrit.	2	H319
Acute toxicity	Acute Tox.	3	H301
Acute toxicity	Acute Tox.	3	H331
Specific target organ toxicity - repeated exposure	STOT RE	1	H372
Acute toxicity	Acute Tox.	2	H300
Acute toxicity	Acute Tox.	3	H311
Eye irritation	Eye Irrit.	2A	H319
Chronic hazardous to the aquatic environment	Aquatic Chronic	3	H412
Chronic hazardous to the aquatic environment	Aquatic Chronic	4	H412
Acute toxicity	Acute Tox.	2	H310
Acute toxicity	Acute Tox.	4	H301
Specific target organ toxicity - single exposure	STOT SE	1	H370

• Transport Information: UN 1690

Discovory and Applicatios

Sodium fluoride (NaF) was first synthesized in the 19th century by French chemist Auguste-Denis, who discovered its use as a reagent in chemical reactions. The compound gained fame in the early 20th century for its role in dental care and public health, especially in helping to prevent tooth decay.

Sodium fluoride has unique properties It appears as a white crystalline powder or granules, has a molecular weight of 41.99 g/mol, a melting point of 993°C (1817°F), and is extremely soluble in water. NaF is a stable compound with a high melting point and good solubility, making it suitable for a variety of applications.

The most well-known application of sodium fluoride is in dental care. Sodium fluoride is a common ingredient in toothpaste and mouthwash, where it helps remineralize tooth enamel and reduce the risk of tooth decay and caries. Its use in dental products has made a significant contribution to improving oral health worldwide.

NaF is used in the fluoridation of public water supplies. Adding sodium fluoride to drinking water helps prevent tooth decay in populations. This public health measure has been shown to reduce the incidence of tooth decay and improve the overall dental health of communities.

In industrial settings, sodium fluoride is used as a flux in the production of aluminum and other metals. It helps remove impurities and increases the efficiency of the metal extraction process. It is used in the production of certain types of glass, aiding the melting process and enhancing the properties of the final product.

Sodium fluoride is used as an active ingredient in certain rodenticides. Sodium fluoride's ability to interfere with metabolic processes makes it effective in controlling rodent populations.

In the laboratory, sodium fluoride is used as a reagent in various chemical reactions and syntheses. Its fluoride ion is useful in many reactions that require a fluoride source.

Handling sodium fluoride requires safety precautions, using gloves, goggles, and appropriate laboratory clothing to prevent contact with the skin and eyes. Masks should be used or work in well-ventilated areas to avoid breathing dust. Store in a cool, dry place in sealed containers to avoid moisture absorption and degradation.

The use of sodium fluoride must be managed to mitigate environmental and health impacts, with proper disposal and management to prevent environmental contamination. High concentrations of fluoride can be toxic to aquatic life. Exposure to high concentrations of sodium fluoride can cause health problems such as dental fluorosis or skeletal fluorosis. Therefore, it is important to follow the recommended directions for use.

References

1979. Effect of Sodium Fluoride on Protein and DNA Synthesis, Ornithine Decarboxylase Activity, and Polyamine Content in LS Cells. Acta Pharmacologica et Toxicologica, 45(1).
DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0773.1979.tb02343.x

1991. Periostitis due to Low-Dose Fluoride Intoxication Demonstrated by Bone Scanning. Clinical Nuclear Medicine, 16(1).
DOI: 10.1097/00003072-199101000-00018

1991. Effects of Fluoride and Chlorhexidine on the Microflora of Dental Root Surfaces and Progression of Root-surface Caries. Journal of Dental Research, 70(2).
DOI: 10.1177/00220345910700021101