Sunflower oil
[CAS# 8001-21-6]

Identification

• Classification: Analytical chemistry >> Standard >> Food and beverage standards
• Name: Sunflower oil
• Synonyms: Florasun 90; Gina; Gina (glyceride); Haioru 75B; Helianthus annuus oil
• CAS Registry Number: 8001-21-6
• EC Number: 232-273-9

Properties

• Density: 0.92 g/mL (25 ºC)
• Flash point: >110 ºC

Discovory and Applicatios

Sunflower oil is a widely used vegetable oil derived from the seeds of the sunflower plant (*Helianthus annuus*). The oil is obtained through a process of pressing or solvent extraction from the seeds, and it is known for its light texture, neutral flavor, and high smoke point. Sunflower oil has been in use for centuries, with evidence of its use in the production of oil dating back to ancient times, particularly in the regions of Central and South America, where sunflowers are native.

The industrial extraction and commercialization of sunflower oil began in the 19th century. In the early 1800s, sunflower seeds were processed into oil primarily for use in paints and as a source of light. By the 20th century, the oil’s popularity grew due to its culinary applications, especially as a cooking oil. The rise in demand for healthier cooking fats, particularly in the mid-20th century, helped solidify sunflower oil's place in kitchens worldwide.

Sunflower oil is known for its high content of polyunsaturated fatty acids, particularly linoleic acid, making it a healthier alternative to other oils with higher levels of saturated fats. It also contains monounsaturated fats, primarily oleic acid, and small amounts of saturated fats, such as palmitic acid. This combination of fatty acids makes sunflower oil a stable and versatile option for cooking, frying, and baking. It is commonly used for sautéing, frying, and as an ingredient in salad dressings and mayonnaise due to its neutral flavor and high smoke point.

Beyond its use in the kitchen, sunflower oil has several applications in the cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries. In cosmetics, sunflower oil is valued for its emollient properties and is commonly used in skincare products such as lotions, creams, and soaps. Its high vitamin E content, a potent antioxidant, contributes to its role in moisturizing and protecting the skin. Sunflower oil is also utilized in hair care products for its ability to improve scalp health and add shine to hair.

In the pharmaceutical field, sunflower oil is used in the formulation of various products, including ointments and creams, due to its skin-soothing and anti-inflammatory properties. It is also utilized as a carrier oil for essential oils in aromatherapy, allowing the effective delivery of active ingredients to the skin.

Sunflower oil is a source of healthy fats and provides a rich supply of essential fatty acids, such as linoleic acid, which is vital for maintaining heart health. Studies have shown that sunflower oil can contribute to reducing levels of LDL cholesterol when used as a substitute for oils high in saturated fats. Its consumption has been associated with several cardiovascular health benefits, making it a popular choice for those seeking to maintain a balanced diet.

In addition to its culinary and industrial uses, sunflower oil is also used in biofuels and as a raw material for the production of biodegradable plastics. The versatility of sunflower oil across different sectors underscores its importance as a widely utilized commodity.

In conclusion, sunflower oil has a long history of use and continues to play an important role in various industries, from food and cosmetics to pharmaceuticals and biofuels. Its health benefits, culinary versatility, and broad applications make it a valuable and widely accepted product in households and industries alike.

References

2010. Hepatoprotective role of bis-demethoxy curcumin analog on the expression of matrix metalloproteinase induced by alcohol and polyunsaturated fatty acid in rats. Toxicology Mechanisms and Methods, 20(4).
DOI: 10.3109/15376516.2010.482961

2008. Ozonized sunflower oil reduces oxidative damage induced by indomethacin in rat gastric mucosa. Inflammation research : official journal of the European Histamine Research Society ... [et al.], 57(1).
DOI: 10.1007/s00011-007-7034-1

2006. The Effects of Combined Treatment with Niacin and Chromium on the Renal Tissues of Hyperlipidemic Rats. Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, 294(1-2).
DOI: 10.1007/s11010-006-9211-x