Poly-gamma-L-glutamic acid sodium salt
[CAS# 208106-41-6]

Identification

• Classification: Biochemical >> Amino acids and their derivatives >> Glutamic acid derivative
• Name: Poly-gamma-L-glutamic acid sodium salt
• Molecular Weight: >750000
• CAS Registry Number: 208106-41-6

Properties

• Solubility: 10 mg/mL (water)

Discovory and Applicatios

Poly-γ-L-glutamate sodium salt (γ-PGA-Na) is a biopolymer with the chemical formula (C5H7NO3)n·Na, derived from the fermentation of Bacillus. Its unique properties make it a versatile and valuable substance with a wide range of applications in various fields such as industry, medicine and agriculture.

The discovery of poly-γ-L-glutamate can be traced back to the study of traditional Asian foods such as natto, a fermented soybean dish known for its sticky texture. Scientists found that the substance responsible for this viscosity was poly-γ-glutamic acid (γ-PGA), a naturally occurring biopolymer. Subsequent research and development focused on producing γ-PGA in the form of sodium salt to enhance its solubility and functionality, leading to the widespread application of poly-γ-L-glutamate sodium salt.

One of the main applications of γ-PGA-Na is in the medical field. Its biocompatibility, biodegradability and non-toxicity make it an excellent candidate for drug delivery systems. γ-PGA-Na can form hydrogels for encapsulating drugs to provide controlled and sustained release. This is particularly beneficial for drugs that require precise dosing over long periods of time. In addition, it can enhance the solubility and stability of certain drugs, further improving treatment efficacy.

In the field of tissue engineering, γ-PGA-Na is used as a scaffold material. Its hydrophilicity promotes cell adhesion and proliferation, which is essential for the regeneration of tissues such as skin, cartilage, and bone. Researchers are exploring its potential in the development of bioresorbable sutures and wound dressings to promote faster and more effective healing.

The agricultural sector also benefits from the unique properties of γ-PGA-Na. As a soil conditioner, it can improve soil structure and water retention, promoting healthier plant growth. Its ability to chelate metal ions helps reduce the toxicity of heavy metals in contaminated soils, making it an environmentally friendly soil remediation solution. In addition, γ-PGA-Na can be used as a carrier for fertilizers and pesticides, increasing their effectiveness and reducing their impact on the environment.

In cosmetics and personal care products, γ-PGA-Na is valued for its excellent moisturizing properties. It can hold several times its weight in water, making it an excellent moisturizer for skin care products. Its use in lotions, creams, and serums helps retain skin moisture, improve texture, and reduce the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles. Unlike some synthetic polymers, γ-PGA-Na is biodegradable, making it a sustainable choice for eco-friendly consumers.

The food industry has also taken advantage of the benefits of γ-PGA-Na. It is used as a thickener and stabilizer for a variety of foods. Its ability to improve the texture and taste of food, as well as its high safety profile, has led to its inclusion in sauces, condiments, and other processed foods. In addition, γ-PGA-Na can serve as a natural preservative, extending the shelf life of perishable items without the need for synthetic additives.

Research is ongoing into the properties and potential applications of poly-γ-L-glutamate sodium salt. Innovations in its production and modification are expected to further expand its use. For example, scientists are investigating its use in water treatment processes to remove pollutants and improve water quality.