Calcium alpha-ketoglutarate Monohydrate
[CAS# 402726-78-7]

Identification

• Classification: Organic raw materials >> Carboxylic compounds and derivatives
• Name: Calcium alpha-ketoglutarate Monohydrate
• Synonyms: Alpha-calcium ketoglutarate monohydrate
• Molecular Formula: C₅H₆CaO₆
• Molecular Weight: 202.18
• CAS Registry Number: 402726-78-7
• SMILES: C(CC(=O)[O-])C(=O)C(=O)[O-].O.[Ca+2]

Safety Data

• Hazard Symbols: GHS07 Warning
• Hazard Statements: H315-H319
• Precautionary Statements: P264-P280-P302+P352-P337+P313-P305+P351+P338-P362+P364-P332+P313

Discovory and Applicatios

Calcium α-ketoglutarate monohydrate is the calcium salt form of α-ketoglutaric acid, a key intermediate in the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, also known as the Krebs cycle. This compound plays an important role in cellular energy metabolism, acting as a substrate for the production of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and as a donor of carbon skeletons for amino acid synthesis. Α-Ketoglutarate itself is naturally found in cells and is critical for oxidative metabolism, nitrogen assimilation, and various biosynthetic pathways. The calcium salt form, particularly as a monohydrate, is more stable and readily soluble, making it suitable for dietary supplementation and pharmaceutical applications.

The discovery and characterization of α-ketoglutarate date back to studies on cellular respiration and the TCA cycle in the early to mid-20th century. Researchers identified α-ketoglutarate as a central metabolite linking carbohydrate, protein, and lipid metabolism. Its role as a precursor to glutamate and other amino acids was subsequently elucidated, highlighting its importance in nitrogen metabolism. The calcium salt form was later developed to enhance stability, bioavailability, and ease of administration, particularly for nutritional and therapeutic purposes.

Calcium α-ketoglutarate monohydrate is commonly used in dietary supplements aimed at supporting bone health, muscle function, and overall metabolic processes. The calcium component provides a source of bioavailable calcium, which is essential for bone mineralization and various enzymatic functions. Α-Ketoglutarate contributes to nitrogen balance by participating in transamination reactions, helping in the synthesis of amino acids such as glutamate, glutamine, proline, and arginine. These processes are critical for tissue repair, immune function, and maintenance of muscle mass, particularly in aging populations or individuals undergoing intense physical activity.

In addition to its nutritional applications, calcium α-ketoglutarate monohydrate has been investigated for potential therapeutic benefits. It is studied for its capacity to enhance wound healing, support liver function, and modulate metabolic disorders. Its role in reducing ammonia toxicity in urea cycle disorders has also been explored, as α-ketoglutarate can facilitate the conversion of nitrogen into amino acids, thereby assisting in the detoxification process. Moreover, some research examines its potential in enhancing mitochondrial function and mitigating oxidative stress, which may contribute to general cellular health and longevity.

From a chemical standpoint, calcium α-ketoglutarate monohydrate is valued for its stability and compatibility with other nutrients. Its monohydrate form provides controlled water content, which contributes to consistent dosing and formulation stability in supplements and pharmaceutical preparations. It is typically produced by neutralizing α-ketoglutaric acid with calcium hydroxide under controlled conditions, yielding a crystalline monohydrate suitable for industrial and research use.

Overall, calcium α-ketoglutarate monohydrate is a metabolically active compound with diverse applications in nutrition, health maintenance, and potential therapeutic interventions. Its dual function as a source of both calcium and α-ketoglutarate, along with its well-established role in energy and nitrogen metabolism, underscores its importance in supporting physiological functions, particularly in scenarios of metabolic stress, aging, or enhanced physical demands. Its stability and bioavailability make it a practical and widely used form for supplementation and clinical research.

References

2023. Preparation method of a-ketoglutarate calcium salt. Patent CN-115974679-A.
Priority Date: 2022-12-20

2024. Compositions and methods for treating diseases responsive to akg-vitamin b coadministration. Patent WO-2024123738-A1.
Priority Date: 2022-12-06

2022. A method for enzymatically preparing calcium a-ketoglutarate. Patent CN-112941116-B.
Priority Date: 2021-01-04, Grant Date: 2022-12-02