Phytase
[CAS# 37288-11-2]

Identification

• Classification: API >> Drugs that affect tissue metabolism
• Name: Phytase
• Synonyms: 3-Phytase; myo-Inositol-hexakisphosphate 3-phosphohydrolasee; Phytate 1-phosphatase
• CAS Registry Number: 37288-11-2
• EC Number: 609-386-0

Safety Data

• Safety Description: S22;S24/25

Hazard Classification

Hazard	Class	Category Code	Hazard Statement
Respiratory sensitization	Resp. Sens.	1	H334
Skin sensitization	Skin Sens.	1	H317

Discovory and Applicatios

Phytase is an enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of phytic acid, a form of phosphorus stored in plants, into free inorganic phosphate and myo-inositol. The discovery of phytase dates back to the early 20th century when researchers began to investigate the biochemical processes involved in plant nutrition. Initial studies identified the role of this enzyme in breaking down phytic acid, which is abundant in various plant-based foods such as grains, legumes, and seeds.

Phytase is primarily produced by microorganisms, including bacteria and fungi, but it can also be found in plants and animal tissues. The enzyme plays a crucial role in the digestive systems of certain animals, particularly monogastric animals such as pigs and poultry, which have limited ability to digest phytate phosphorus. By facilitating the breakdown of phytic acid, phytase improves phosphorus availability, which is essential for optimal growth and development.

One of the most significant applications of phytase is in animal feed formulations. The addition of phytase to diets for pigs and poultry enhances the bioavailability of phosphorus, thereby reducing the reliance on inorganic phosphate supplements. This has economic benefits for farmers, as it lowers feed costs and contributes to sustainable animal husbandry practices by minimizing phosphorus excretion into the environment. High phosphorus levels can lead to environmental issues, such as eutrophication, so using phytase helps mitigate these concerns.

The use of phytase in aquaculture is another growing application. Aquatic animals often face similar challenges in digesting phytate phosphorus. Incorporating phytase into fish feeds allows for improved phosphorus utilization, leading to better growth rates and feed efficiency. This application is particularly important as the demand for sustainable aquaculture practices continues to rise.

In addition to animal nutrition, phytase has gained attention in the food industry. It is used in bread-making to enhance the nutritional value of baked products by increasing the bioavailability of phosphorus and other minerals. The enzyme also contributes to improved dough properties and fermentation processes, resulting in better texture and flavor in bread products. Moreover, phytase is being explored as a potential ingredient in dietary supplements, targeting individuals looking to enhance their nutrient intake from plant-based diets.

The application of phytase extends to agriculture, where it can be used in soil treatments to improve phosphorus availability for plants. By breaking down phytic acid in the soil, phytase can enhance nutrient uptake, promoting healthier plant growth and potentially reducing the need for chemical fertilizers. This aligns with the growing trend toward sustainable agriculture and organic farming practices.

Safety considerations regarding phytase are minimal, as it is generally recognized as safe (GRAS) for use in food and feed applications. However, as with any enzyme preparation, it is essential to adhere to recommended dosages and application methods to ensure effectiveness and safety.

In summary, phytase is an important enzyme with diverse applications across animal nutrition, aquaculture, food production, and agriculture. Its ability to improve phosphorus availability not only enhances growth and productivity but also contributes to more sustainable practices in various industries. As research continues to uncover new uses and benefits of phytase, its role in promoting nutrient efficiency and environmental stewardship is expected to grow.