Pinaverium bromide
[CAS# 53251-94-8]

Identification

• Classification: API >> Anesthetic agents >> Skeletal muscle relaxant
• Name: Pinaverium bromide
• Synonyms: 4-[(2-Bromo-4,5-dimethoxyphenyl)methyl]-4-[2-[2-(7,7-dimethyl-2-bicyclo[3.1.1]heptanyl)ethoxy]ethyl]morpholin-4-ium bromide
• Molecular Formula: C₂₆H₄₁BrNO₄^.Br
• Molecular Weight: 591.42
• CAS Registry Number: 53251-94-8
• EC Number: 258-450-0
• SMILES: CC1(C2CCC(C1C2)CCOCC[N+]3(CCOCC3)CC4=CC(=C(C=C4Br)OC)OC)C.[Br-]

Properties

• Melting point: 181-182 ºC

Safety Data

• Hazard Symbols: GHS07;GHS09 Warning
• Hazard Statements: H302-H314
• Precautionary Statements: P264-P270-P273-P301+P317-P330-P391-P501

Hazard Classification

Hazard	Class	Category Code	Hazard Statement
Acute toxicity	Acute Tox.	4	H302
Chronic hazardous to the aquatic environment	Aquatic Chronic	1	H410
Eye irritation	Eye Irrit.	2	H319
Specific target organ toxicity - single exposure	STOT SE	3	H335
Acute toxicity	Acute Tox.	4	H312
Acute hazardous to the aquatic environment	Aquatic Acute	1	H400
Skin irritation	Skin Irrit.	2	H315
Acute toxicity	Acute Tox.	4	H332

Discovory and Applicatios

Pinaverium bromide is a chemical substance that belongs to the class of selective calcium channel blockers, specifically used for its therapeutic effects in treating gastrointestinal disorders. It is commonly employed as a medication for the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and other functional gastrointestinal disorders, primarily for its antispasmodic effects.

The discovery of Pinaverium bromide can be traced back to its development as a compound aimed at alleviating gastrointestinal discomfort caused by smooth muscle spasms. As a calcium channel blocker, it works by inhibiting the influx of calcium ions into smooth muscle cells, leading to relaxation and reduced spasm. This action makes it effective in treating conditions like IBS, where abnormal smooth muscle contractions lead to symptoms such as abdominal pain, bloating, and altered bowel movements.

Pinaverium bromide was first introduced in the medical field in the late 20th century, gaining recognition for its efficacy in managing IBS and related gastrointestinal disorders. Since its introduction, it has become a widely used treatment option for those suffering from these conditions, particularly in Europe and parts of Asia.

In terms of its clinical application, Pinaverium bromide is primarily used as an antispasmodic agent. It provides relief from gastrointestinal pain by targeting the smooth muscle of the intestines, thereby reducing spasms and improving overall gut motility. Its action is particularly beneficial for patients with IBS, where the smooth muscle of the bowel becomes hyperactive, leading to spasms and discomfort. The drug is typically administered orally in tablet form, and its use is often recommended alongside dietary modifications and other supportive treatments for IBS.

In addition to its primary use in IBS, Pinaverium bromide has also been studied for its potential effectiveness in treating other gastrointestinal conditions that involve smooth muscle dysfunction, such as functional dyspepsia and spastic colitis. Its ability to selectively target calcium channels in the gastrointestinal tract makes it an attractive option for managing these conditions without the broader systemic effects that some other muscle relaxants or calcium channel blockers might cause.

The pharmacokinetics of Pinaverium bromide suggest that it is absorbed well when taken orally, with its effects being largely confined to the gastrointestinal tract, which minimizes systemic side effects. It is metabolized in the liver and excreted primarily in the feces, with a relatively long half-life that allows for effective symptom management with fewer doses throughout the day.

Overall, Pinaverium bromide is a well-established medication for the management of gastrointestinal disorders, particularly IBS. Its discovery and development have significantly contributed to improving the quality of life for individuals suffering from these chronic conditions. By providing relief from gastrointestinal spasms and discomfort, it remains an important therapeutic option in the field of gastroenterology.

References

2023. Pinaverium Bromide Attenuates Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Colonic Inflammation by Suppressing TLR4/NF-κB Signaling and NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation in Mice with Ulcerative Colitis. Pharmaceuticals, 16(12).
DOI: 10.3390/ph16121647

2023. Pinaverium bromide ameliorates visceral hypersensitivity and intestinal inflammation via suppressing TLR4/MD2/NF-?B pathway in a rat model of irritable bowel syndrome. European Journal of Pharmacology, 943.
DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.175563

2015. Efficacy and tolerability of pinaverium bromide in evacuation disorders: a prospective, randomized, comparative study versus butylscopolamine bromide. Minerva Gastroenterologica e Dietologica, 61(4).
DOI: 10.23736/s1121-421x.15.02196-2